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. 2022 Mar 21;19(6):3735.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph19063735.

Depressive Symptoms and Their Associated Factors in Vocational-Technical School Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Michele da Silva Valadão Fernandes  1 , Thays Martins Vital da Silva  1   2 , Priscilla Rayanne E Silva Noll  1   3 , Alexandre Aparecido de Almeida  4 , Matias Noll  1   5   6
Affiliations

Depressive Symptoms and Their Associated Factors in Vocational-Technical School Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Michele da Silva Valadão Fernandes et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to compare the prevalence of depressive symptoms, behavioral habits, and QoL in students from two vocational-technical schools, and to determine the association of depressive symptoms with behavioral habits and quality of life (QoL) in these students during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with students attending the institution of the Brazilian Federal Network of Professional, Scientific and Technological Education. The students answered a questionnaire on sociodemographic variables, situations related to the COVID-19 pandemic, behavioral habits, QoL, and depressive symptoms. The outcome variable was the presence of depressive symptoms, assessed using the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Poisson regression analysis with robust variance was performed. A total of 343 students participated in this study (women, 55.7%; mean age of 16.1 ± 0.93 years). The prevalence of depressive symptoms among students was 43.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 38.0-49.0), and these symptoms were significantly associated with being female (prevalence ratio [PR] 1.72; 95% CI: 1.31-2.27); being in the 10th grade (PR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.18-2.76) and 9th grade (PR 2.08; 95% CI: 1.37-3.18); social isolation (PR: 2.04; 95% CI: 1.00-4.14); hunger due to a lack of food at home (PR: 1.78; 95% CI: 1.33-2.39); low physical activity levels (PR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.09-2.59); and moderate (PR: 2.87, 95% CI: 1.68-4.89) and low QoL (PR: 5.66; 95% CI: 3.48-9.19). The results emphasize the importance of interventions aimed mainly at female students and those in the initial years of high school, in addition to the importance of physical activity, food safety, and QoL to improve the mental health of students.

Keywords: COVID-19; adolescents; depression; mental health; quality of life.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Poisson regression results for depressive symptoms and sociodemographic- and COVID-19-related variables (n = 343).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Poisson regression results for depressive symptoms and variables related to COVID-19 and eating habits (n = 343).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Poisson regression results for depressive symptoms and variables related to psychoactive substance use and sexual behavior (n = 343).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Poisson regression results for depressive symptoms and variables related to physical activity level and QoL (n = 343).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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