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. 2022 Mar 14;15(6):2141.
doi: 10.3390/ma15062141.

On-Demand Wettability via Combining fs Laser Surface Structuring and Thermal Post-Treatment

Deividas Čereška  1 , Arnas Žemaitis  1   2 , Gabrielius Kontenis  1   2 , Gedvinas Nemickas  1 , Linas Jonušauskas  1   2
Affiliations

On-Demand Wettability via Combining fs Laser Surface Structuring and Thermal Post-Treatment

Deividas Čereška et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

Laser surface texturing (LST) is one of the surface modification methods that increase or provide new abilities for the material surface. Textured surfaces could be applied in different industrial areas to reduce wear and friction, promote anti-fouling, improve osseointegration, and other similar uses. However, LST is still in development and for reaching industrial level further optimization is required. In this paper, different metal alloy surfaces were fabricated with several patterns using the same laser parameters on each material and the results were compared. This could lead to possible optimization on the industrial level. Furthermore, research on the wettability properties of material and texture patterns depending on heat treatment in different temperatures was performed, showing complete control for wettability (from hydrophilic to hydrophobic).

Keywords: femtosecond laser; heat treatment; hydrophilic; hydrophobic; laser fabrication; laser texturing; superhydrophilic; superhydrophobic; wettability; wettability transformation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Wettability test of samples. (a)—post fabrication, (b)—post cleaning, (c)—post heat treatment, (d)—water residue. Codes for surface features 1:1—dimples; 1:2—LIPSS; 2:1—grooves; 2:2—pillars. Metals used are labeled in (a).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Microscope pictures, with ×50 magnification of each sample dimple texture. (a)—17-4PH stainless steel, (b)—PH13 stainless steel, (c)—Ti6Al4V titanium, (d)—2024 T3 aluminum, (e)—7050 aluminum.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Microscope pictures, with ×100 magnification, of each sample LIPSS texture. (a)—17-4PH stainless steel, (b)—PH13 stainless steel, (c)—Ti6Al4V titanium, (d)—2024 T3 aluminum, and (e)—7050 aluminum.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Microscope pictures, with ×50 magnification of each sample groove texture. (a)—17-4PH stainless steel, (b)—PH13 stainless steel, (c)—Ti6Al4V titanium, (d)—2024 T3 aluminum, and (e)—7050 aluminum.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Microscope pictures with ×50 magnification of each sample pillar texture. (a)—17-4PH stainless steel, (b)—PH13 stainless steel, (c)—Ti6Al4V titanium, (d)—2024 T3 aluminum, and (e)—7050 aluminum.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Topography, with ×50 magnification of each sample dimple texture. (a)—17-4PH stainless steel, (b)—PH13 stainless steel, (c)—Ti6Al4V titanium, (d)—2024 T3 aluminum, and (e)—7050 aluminum.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Topography, with ×100 magnification of each sample LIPSS texture. (a)—17-4PH stainless steel, (b)—PH13 stainless steel, (c)—Ti6Al4V titanium, (d)—2024 T3 aluminum, and (e)—7050 aluminum.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Topography, with ×50 magnification of each sample grooves texture. (a)—17-4PH stainless steel, (b)—PH13 stainless steel, (c)—Ti6Al4V titanium, (d)—2024 T3 aluminum, and (e)—7050 aluminum.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Topography, with ×50 magnification of each sample pillars texture. (a)—17-4PH stainless steel, (b)—PH13 stainless steel, (c)—Ti6Al4V titanium, (d)—2024 T3 aluminum, and (e)—7050 aluminum.
Figure 10
Figure 10
(a)—The contact angle of different patterns on aluminum surface dependence heat treatment in different temperatures. (b,c)—the lowest and highest acquired contact angle and temperatures needed to induce it.
Figure 11
Figure 11
(a)—The contact angle of different patterns on steel surface dependence heat treatment in different temperatures. (b,c)—the lowest and highest acquired contact angle and temperatures needed to induce it.
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