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. 2022 Mar 21;8(3):322.
doi: 10.3390/jof8030322.

Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Sporotrichosis in a Reference Center of Uruguay

Elisa Cabeza  1   2 , Annie Arrillaga  2 , Lucía Dalcín  1   2 , Mauricio Carbia  3 , Zaida Arteta  1 , Patricia Perera  2
Affiliations

Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Sporotrichosis in a Reference Center of Uruguay

Elisa Cabeza et al. J Fungi (Basel). .

Abstract

Background: Sporotrichosis is a fungal implantation disease of subacute/ chronic course caused by species of the dimorphic fungus Sporothrix spp. This infection usually develops after traumatic inoculation of contaminated soil, plants or organic material contaminated by Sporothrix spp. conidia into skin or mucosa. The objective of this work is to contribute to the knowledge of sporotrichosis in Uruguay by providing a report of a series of cases diagnosed in a reference center.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of cases of sporotrichosis diagnosed in the last 38 years.

Results: In the period analyzed, 157 cases of sporotrichosis were diagnosed, 152 of those corresponded to male patients. The most frequent clinical presentation was nodular lymphatic in 120 patients. In relation to epidemiological antecedents, 128 patients had been scratched by armadillos during hunting.

Conclusions: Sporotrichosis in Uruguay is a sporadic disease with a clear seasonal pattern related to particular social practices, such as hunting armadillos. Related to this practice, the affectation is greater in males and in young adults.

Keywords: Sporothrix spp.; implantation mycosis; sporotrichosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Detailed distribution of cases according to age ranges. On the Y axis the number of cases is detailed, on the X axis the eta range is specified.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Distribution of cases of sporotrichosis in Uruguay. A color scale is used, blue corresponds to provinces with 5 cases or less, provinces in yellow between 6–10 cases, provinces in orange between 11–20 cases, red province with the highest number of cases (35 cases).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Detailed distribution according to history of exposure. Yellow represents the percentage of total cases with a history of trauma from hunting armadillos. Green represents the percentage of total cases with a history of trauma with vegetables. In gray it is represented the percentage of total cases which does not have a traumatic antecedent or the patient does not know how to specify.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Detailed cases distribution in months of year. The X axis specifies the month of the year in which the diagnosis was made, and the Y axis details the number of cases of sporotrichosis diagnosed.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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