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. 2022 Mar 10;14(6):1107.
doi: 10.3390/polym14061107.

Xanthate-Modified Magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2-Based Polyvinyl Alcohol/Chitosan Composite Material for Efficient Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Water

Shifan Wang  1 , Yuan Liu  1 , Aiwen Yang  1 , Qi Zhu  1 , Hua Sun  1 , Po Sun  2 , Bing Yao  1 , Yunxiao Zang  1 , Xihua Du  1 , Liming Dong  1
Affiliations

Xanthate-Modified Magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2-Based Polyvinyl Alcohol/Chitosan Composite Material for Efficient Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Water

Shifan Wang et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

Chitosan has several shortcomings that limit its practical application for the adsorption of heavy metals: mechanical instability, a challenging separation and recovery process, and low equilibrium capacity. This study describes the synthesis of a magnetic xanthate-modified polyvinyl alcohol and chitosan composite (XMPC) for the efficient removal and recovery of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. The XMPC was synthesized from polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan, and magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles. The XMPC was characterized, and its adsorption performance in removing heavy metal ions was studied under different experimental conditions. The adsorption kinetics fit a pseudo-second-order kinetic model well. This showed that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by the XMPC is a chemical adsorption and is affected by intra-particle diffusion. The equilibrium adsorption isotherm was well described by the Langmuir and Freundlich equations. The XMPC reached adsorption equilibrium at 303 K after approximately 120 min, and the removal rate of Cd(II) ions was 307 mg/g. The composite material can be reused many times and is easily magnetically separated from the solution. This makes the XMPC a promising candidate for widespread application in sewage treatment systems for the removal of heavy metals.

Keywords: adsorption; chitosan; heavy metal; magnetic materials; modification.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing financial interest.

Figures

Scheme 1
Scheme 1
The procedure for the preparation of the MPC and XMPC.
Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) FTIR spectra, (b) Raman spectra, and (c) XRD patterns of the XMPC and MPC.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) TG and (b) DSC curves of the XMPC; (c) magnetization curves of the XMMCP; (d) N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm of the XMPC. Inset: BJH pore size distribution of the XMPC.
Figure 3
Figure 3
SEM images of (a) the MPC and (b) XMPC.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Effect of contact time on the adsorption capacity of the XMPC composite particles (303 K 1 g/L, pH = 5.5); adsorption of Pb(II) (a), Cu(II) (b), and Cd(II) (c). Insets: pseudo-first-order kinetic model, pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and intra-particle diffusion model.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Proposed adsorption mechanism using the XMPC capture of Cd(II).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Effect of temperature on the adsorption of Pb(II) (a), Cu(II) (b), and Cd(II) (c) (pH = 5.5).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Adsorption capacity of the XMPC on metal ions during regeneration cycles, (a) adsorption capacity, (b) adsorption rate, and (c) desorption rate in regeneration cycles.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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