Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Mar 18;14(6):1240.
doi: 10.3390/polym14061240.

Grafting of Thiazole Derivative on Chitosan Magnetite Nanoparticles for Cadmium Removal-Application for Groundwater Treatment

Mohammed F Hamza  1   2 , Adel A-H Abdel-Rahman  3 , Alyaa S Negm  3 , Doaa M Hamad  3 , Mahmoud S Khalafalla  2 , Amr Fouda  4 , Yuezhou Wei  1   5 , Hamada H Amer  6 , Saad H Alotaibi  6 , Adel E-S Goda  7
Affiliations

Grafting of Thiazole Derivative on Chitosan Magnetite Nanoparticles for Cadmium Removal-Application for Groundwater Treatment

Mohammed F Hamza et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

The synthesis and developments of magnetic chitosan nanoparticles for high efficiency removal of the cadmium ions from aquatic medium are one of the most challenging techniques. Highly adsorptive composite (MCH-ATA) was produced by the reaction of chitosan with formaldehyde and amino thiazole derivative. The sorbent was characterized by FTIR, elemental analyses (EA), SEM-EDX, TEM analysis, TGA and titration (volumetric). The modified material includes high nitrogen and sulfur contents (i.e., 4.64 and 1.35 mmol g-1, respectively), compared to the pristine material (3.5 and 0 mmol g-1, respectively). The sorption was investigated for the removal of Cd(II) ions from synthetic (prepared) solution before being tested towards naturally contaminated groundwater in an industrial area. The functionalized sorbent shows a high loading capacity (1.78 mmol Cd g-1; 200 mg Cd g-1) compared to the pristine material (0.61 mmol Cd g-1; 68.57 mg Cd g-1), while removal of about 98% of Cd with capacity (6.4 mg Cd g-1) from polymetallic contaminated groundwater. The sorbent displays fast sorption kinetics compared to the non-modified composite (MCH); 30 min is sufficient for complete sorption for MCH-ATA, while 60-90 min for the MCH. PFORE fits sorption kinetics for both sorbents, whereas the Langmuir equation fits for MCH and Langmuir and Sips for MCH-ATA for sorption isotherms. The TEM analysis confirms the nano scale size, which limits the diffusion to intraparticle sorption properties. The 0.2 M HCl solution is a successful desorbing agent for the metal ions. The sorbent was applied for the removal of cadmium ions from the contaminated underground water and appears to be a promising process for metal decontamination and water treatment.

Keywords: functionalization; industrial area; magnetic chitosan nanoparticles; sorption isotherms; uptake kinetics; water treatment.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
SEM (a) and TEM (b) analysis of MCH-ATA.
Figure 2
Figure 2
TGA analysis of MCH and MCH-ATA sorbents.
Figure 3
Figure 3
FTIR analysis of sorbents MCH and MCH-ATA at different stages of sorption and after 5 cycles of sorption desorption processes.
Figure 4
Figure 4
SEM-EDX analysis of MCH and MCH-ATA sorbent.
Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Synthetic route of thiazole derivative nanoparticles.
Scheme 2
Scheme 2
Tautomeric effect of thiazole ring at slight acidic pH values.
Figure 5
Figure 5
pHpzc profiles of MCH and MCH-ATA using pH-drift method.
Figure 6
Figure 6
The average values with error bars of the pH effect on Cd(II) sorption using MCH and MCH-ATA at different temperatures.
Figure 7
Figure 7
The average values with error bars of the three experiments for modeling of uptake kinetics of PFORE for MCH and MCH-ATA.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Average values of Langmuir and Sips modeling equations for Cd(II) sorption (with error bars) for MCH and MCH-ATA sorbents.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Selectivity coefficient of Cd metal against some heavy elements at different pH values.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Removal efficiency % for MCH-ATA after treatment of contaminated ground water at different pH values.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. WHO . Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality. 4th ed. World Health Organization; Geneva, Switzerland: 2011. p. 541.
    1. Wilson A.M., Bailey P.J., Tasker P.A., Turkington J.R., Grant R.A., Love J.B. Solvent extraction: The coordination chemistry behind extractive metallurgy. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2014;43:123–134. doi: 10.1039/C3CS60275C. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Kavak D. Removal of lead from aqueous solutions by precipitation: Statistical analysis and modeling. Desalin. Water Treat. 2013;51:1720–1726. doi: 10.1080/19443994.2012.714652. - DOI
    1. Lai Y.C., Lee W.J., Huang K.L., Wu C.M. Metal recovery from spent hydrodesulfurization catalysts using a combined acid-leaching and electrolysis process. J. Hazard. Mater. 2008;154:588–594. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.10.061. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Otrembska P., Gega J. Separation of nickel(II) and cadmium(II) ions with ion-exchange and membrane processes. Sep. Sci. Technol. 2016;51:2675–2680. doi: 10.1080/01496395.2016.1171784. - DOI