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. 2022 Mar 17;22(6):2333.
doi: 10.3390/s22062333.

Simulation and Analysis of Mie-Scattering Lidar-Measuring Atmospheric Turbulence Profile

Yuqing Lu  1   2 , Jiandong Mao  1   2 , Yingnan Zhang  1   2 , Hu Zhao  1   2 , Chunyan Zhou  1   2 , Xin Gong  1   2 , Qiang Wang  1   2 , Yi Zhang  1   2
Affiliations

Simulation and Analysis of Mie-Scattering Lidar-Measuring Atmospheric Turbulence Profile

Yuqing Lu et al. Sensors (Basel). .

Abstract

Based on the residual turbulent scintillation theory, the Mie-scattering lidar can measure the intensity of atmospheric turbulence by detecting the light intensity scintillation index of the laser return signal. In order to evaluate and optimize the reliability of the Mie-scattering lidar system for detecting atmospheric turbulence, the appropriate parameters of the Mie-scattering lidar system are selected and optimized using the residual turbulent scintillation theory. Then, the Fourier transform method is employed to perform the numerical simulation of the phase screen of the laser light intensity transformation on the vertical transmission path of atmospheric turbulence. The phase screen simulation, low-frequency optimization, and scintillation index calculation methods are provided in detail, respectively. Based on the phase distribution of the laser beam, the scintillation index is obtained. Through the relationship between the scintillation index and the atmospheric turbulent refractive index structure constant, the atmospheric turbulence profile is inverted. The simulation results show that the atmospheric refractive index structure constant profile obtained by the iterative method is consistent with the input HV5/7 model below 6500 m, which has great guiding significance to carry out actual experiments to measure atmospheric turbulence using the Mie lidar.

Keywords: Mie lidar; atmospheric refractive index structure constant; atmospheric turbulence; residual turbulent scintillation; scintillation index.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The structure diagram of the Mie lidar system.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Spatial correlation scale of light intensity fluctuation lI.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The three-dimensional (left) and two-dimensional (right) schematic diagrams of the emitted beam intensity distribution of the Mie lidar system at z = 0.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Phase screen model of light transmission in atmospheric turbulence.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Schematic diagram of phase screen grid simulation.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Schematic diagram of sub-harmonic compensation.
Figure 7
Figure 7
The three-dimensional (left) and two-dimensional (right) schematic diagrams of the phase distribution of the high-frequency phase screen numerically simulated in the turbulent atmosphere.
Figure 8
Figure 8
The three-dimensional (left) and two-dimensional (right) schematic diagrams of the numerically simulated phase distribution in the turbulent atmosphere after the third harmonic compensation under the same conditions.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Kolmogorov phase screen structure function comparison diagram.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Light intensity distribution of the laser beam on the vertical path (a) Δz=75 m, L=1000 m, (b) Δz=75 m, L=2000 m, (c), Δz=200 m, L=1000 m (d) Δz=200 m, L=2000 m.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Spot drift phenomenon of laser transmission (a) Δz=75 m, L=2000 m, (b) Δz=200 m, L=2000 m.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Distribution of scintillation index with transmission distance.
Figure 13
Figure 13
The profile of atmospheric refractive index structure constant obtained by the iterative inversion algorithm.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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