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. 2022 Mar 16;11(6):790.
doi: 10.3390/plants11060790.

Influence of Ascophyllum nodosum Extract Foliar Spray on the Physiological and Biochemical Attributes of Okra under Drought Stress

Jawad Ali  1 , Ibadullah Jan  1 , Hidayat Ullah  1 , Nazeer Ahmed  1 , Mukhtar Alam  1 , Rafi Ullah  1 , Mohamed El-Sharnouby  2 , Hosny Kesba  3 , Mustafa Shukry  4 , Samy Sayed  5 , Taufiq Nawaz  6
Affiliations

Influence of Ascophyllum nodosum Extract Foliar Spray on the Physiological and Biochemical Attributes of Okra under Drought Stress

Jawad Ali et al. Plants (Basel). .

Abstract

Drought stress restricts the growth of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) primarily by disrupting its physiological and biochemical functions. This study evaluated the role of Ascophyllum nodosum extract (ANE) in improving the drought tolerance of okra. Drought stress (3 days (control), 6 days (mild stress), and 9 days (severe stress)) and 4 doses of ANE (0, 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3%) were imposed after 30 days of cultivation. The results indicate that drought stress decreases the chlorophyll content (total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid) but increases the activity of anthocyanin, proline, and antioxidant enzymes such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT). Physiological and biochemical plant disturbances and visible growth reduction in okra under drought stress were significantly decreased by the application of ANE foliar spray. ANE spray (0.3%) significantly increased the chlorophyll abundance and activity of anthocyanin, proline, and antioxidants (APX, POD, and CAT). ANE regulated and improved biochemical and physiological functions in okra under both drought and control conditions. The results of the current study show that ANE foliar spray may improve the growth performance of okra and result in the development of drought tolerance in okra.

Keywords: Abelmoschus esculentus L.; abiotic stress; antioxidant enzymes; chlorophyll content; phenolic compounds; seaweed.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest for the article.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chlorophyll-a content of okra. The figure shows the effect of the interaction of Ascophylum nodosum extract and drought stress.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The effects of Ascophylum nodosum extract and drought stress conditions on the chlorophyll-b content of okra.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The effects of Ascophylum nodosum extract and drought stress conditions on the total chlorophyll content of okra.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The effects of Ascophylum nodosum extract and drought stress conditions on the carotenoid content of okra.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The effects of Ascophylum nodosum extract and drought stress conditions on the anthocyanin content of okra.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Proline accumulation in okra and the effects of Ascophylum nodosum extract and drought stress.
Figure 7
Figure 7
The effects of Ascophylum nodosum extract and drought stress conditions on the APX activity of okra.
Figure 8
Figure 8
The effects of Ascophylum nodosum extract and drought stress conditions on the POD activity of okra.
Figure 9
Figure 9
The effects of Ascophylum nodosum extract and drought stress conditions on the CAT activity of okra.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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