Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Mar 30;17(3):e0265269.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265269. eCollection 2022.

Oral, genital and anal human papillomavirus infections among female sex workers in Ibadan, Nigeria

Imran O Morhason-Bello  1   2   3 , Kathy Baisley  4 , Miquel A Pavon  5   6 , Isaac F Adewole  1 , Rasheed A Bakare  7 , Silvia de Sanjosé  8 , Suzanna C Francis  9 , Deborah Watson-Jones  3   10
Affiliations

Oral, genital and anal human papillomavirus infections among female sex workers in Ibadan, Nigeria

Imran O Morhason-Bello et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background: There are limited data on the epidemiology of HPV in different anatomical sites of female sex workers (FSW). We investigated the prevalence and concordance of cervical, vulval, oral and anal HPV among FSW in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Methods: FSWs aged 18-45 years were enrolled in a cross-sectional survey. After interview and clinical examination, samples were collected from mouth, cervix, vulva and anus. HPV genotyping was done with Anyplex II 28HPV assay. Multivariable analyses were performed to explore associated risk factors and concordance of HPV infections across sites.

Results: In total, 315 FSWs participated in the study with a mean age of 30-6.5 years. The prevalence of any HPV infection was 88% in the vulva, 84% in the cervix, 75% in the anus and 24% in the oral cavity. HPV 35 was the most prevalent and concordant high-risk type in the four sites. The risk factors for HPV infection by anatomic site varied.

Conclusion: This large study showed a high prevalence and concordance of HPV infections of cervical, vulval, oral and anal HPV among FSWs in Nigeria. The potential to acquire and transmit HPV is high in this population, and we highlighted the urgency to protect young women through HPV vaccination.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Brothel-based female sex workers enrolment flow for SHINI study in Ibadan, Nigeria.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Prevalence of specific HPV genotypes according to the four anatomic sites among brothel based female sex workers in Ibadan Nigeria.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Sendagorta-Cudos E, Burgos-Cibrian J, Rodriguez-Iglesias M. Genital infections due to the human papillomavirus. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2019;37(5):324–34. Epub 2019/03/12. doi: 10.1016/j.eimc.2019.01.010 . - DOI - PubMed
    1. Li Y, Xu C. Human Papillomavirus-Related Cancers. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;1018:23–34. Epub 2017/10/21. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-5765-6_3 . - DOI - PubMed
    1. Arbyn M, Weiderpass E, Bruni L, de Sanjosé S, Saraiya M, Ferlay J, et al.. Estimates of incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in 2018: a worldwide analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2020;8(2):e191–e203. Epub 2019/12/10. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30482-6 . - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Baral S, Beyrer C, Muessig K, Poteat T, Wirtz AL, Decker MR, et al.. Burden of HIV among female sex workers in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2012;12(7):538–49. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70066-X Epub 2012 Mar 15. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Shannon K, Strathdee SA, Goldenberg SM, Duff P, Mwangi P, Rusakova M, et al.. Global epidemiology of HIV among female sex workers: influence of structural determinants. Lancet (London, England). 2015;385(9962):55–71. Epub 07/22. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60931-4 . - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Publication types