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. 2022 Apr 1;12(4):53.
doi: 10.1038/s41408-022-00648-y.

Examining allostatic load, neighborhood socioeconomic status, symptom burden and mortality in multiple myeloma patients

Samilia Obeng-Gyasi  1 , Noah Graham  2 , Shaji Kumar  3 , Ju-Whei Lee  2 , Susanna Jacobus  2 , Matthias Weiss  4 , David Cella  5 , Fengmin Zhao  2 , Edward H Ip  6 , Nathaniel O'Connell  2 , Fangxin Hong  2 , Devin J Peipert  7 , IIana F Gareen  8 , Lava R Timsina  9 , Robert Gray  2 , Lynne I Wagner  6 , Ruth C Carlos  10
Affiliations

Examining allostatic load, neighborhood socioeconomic status, symptom burden and mortality in multiple myeloma patients

Samilia Obeng-Gyasi et al. Blood Cancer J. .

Abstract

The objective of this study is to examine the association between neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) and baseline allostatic load (AL) and clinical trial endpoints in patients enrolled in the E1A11 therapeutic trial in multiple myeloma (MM). Study endpoints were symptom burden (pain, fatigue, and bother) at baseline and 5.5 months, non-completion of induction therapy, overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Multivariable logistic and Cox regression examined associations between nSES, AL and patient outcomes. A 1-unit increase in baseline AL was associated with greater odds of high fatigue at baseline (adjusted OR [95% CI] = 1.21 [1.08-1.36]) and a worse OS (adjusted hazard ratio, [95% CI] = 1.21 [1.06-1.37]). High nSES was associated with worse baseline bother (middle OR = 4.22 [1.11-16.09] and high 4.49 [1.16-17.43]) compared to low nSES. There was no association between AL or nSES and symptom burden at 5.5 months, non-completion of induction therapy or PFS. Additionally, there was no association between nSES and OS. AL may have utility as a predictive marker for OS among patients with MM and may allow individualization of treatment. Future studies should standardize and validate AL patients with MM.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Examination of overall survival and progression-free survival by allostatic load score.
a Overall survival by allostatic load score. b Progression-free survival by allostatic load.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. Evaluation of overall survival and progression-free survival by nSES.
a Overall survival by nSES. b Progression-free survival by nSES.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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