Association between sleep parameters and longitudinal shortening of telomere length

Abstract

Background: The relationship between sleep parameters and longitudinal shortening of telomere length is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep parameters and the shortening of leukocyte telomere length (LTL) over a year.

Methods: Among the participants in the validation cohort of the Korea Brain Aging Study for the Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease, participants who measured both baseline and follow-up (two years later) of LTL were analyzed. They were dichotomized according to the degree of LTL attrition over two years. Clinical characteristics were compared between the faster and slower LTL shortening groups (cut-off points: -0.710 kbp, n = 119 each). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine independent relationships between faster shortening of LTL length and sleep parameters.

Results: A total of 238 participants, aged 55-88 years, were included. Participants with faster LTL shortening had a shorter duration of sleep (P = 0.013) and longer sleep latency (P = 0.007). Among the components of the PSQI, subjective measures of sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, and sleep efficiency were significantly worse in participants with faster LTL shortening. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sleep duration (per hour, OR = 0.831, 95% CI = 0.698-0.989), sleep latency (per minute, OR = 1.013, 95% CI = 1.002-1.024), global PSQI score (OR = 1.134, 95% CI = 1.040-1.236), shortest sleep duration (OR = 5.173, 95% CI = 1.563-17.126), and lowest sleep efficiency (OR = 7.351, 95% CI = 1.943-27.946) were independently associated with faster LTL shortening.

Conclusions: Poor sleep quality, specifically short sleep duration, long sleep latency, and low sleep efficiency were associated with faster longitudinal shortening of LTL.

Keywords: aging; amyloid pathology; sleep duration; sleep quality; telomere length.

Figure 1

Flowchart of the analyzed subjects. Abbreviations: KBASE-V: Korea Brain Aging Study for the Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer’s Disease; CU: cognitively unimpaired; MCI: mild cognitively impaired; ADD: Alzheimer’s disease dementia.

Figure 2

Degree of change in telomere length over two years in each group. Participants were grouped according to initial diagnosis (A), sleep duration (B), sleep latency (C), and sleep efficacy (D). Abbreviations: LTL: leukocyte telomere length; CU: cognitively unimpaired, MCI: mild cognitively impaired; ADD: Alzheimer’s disease dementia; h: hours. P-value for the Kruskal-Wallis test. ^*P < 0.05 compared with the first group (sleep ≥7 h or sleep efficiency ≥85%).