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. 2022 Apr 6;12(1):5759.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-09479-0.

Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of Acid Blue dye using CdS/TiO2 nanocomposite

Nida Qutub  1 , Preeti Singh  2   3 , Suhail Sabir  4 , Suresh Sagadevan  5 , Won-Chun Oh  6
Affiliations

Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of Acid Blue dye using CdS/TiO2 nanocomposite

Nida Qutub et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Photocatalytic degradation is essential for the successful removal of organic contaminants from wastewater, which is important for ecological and environmental safety. The advanced oxidation process of photocatalysis has become a hot topic in recent years for the remediation of water. Cadmium sulphide (CdS) nanostructures doped with Titanium oxide (CdS/TiO2) nanocomposites has manufactured under ambient conditions using a simple and modified Chemical Precipitation technique. The nanocomposites crystal structure, thermal stability, recombination of photo-generated charge carriers, bandgap, surface morphology, particle size, molar ratio, and charge transfer properties are determined. The production of nanocomposites (CdS-TiO2) and their efficient photocatalytic capabilities are observed. The goal of the experiment is to improve the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2 in the visible region by doping CdS nanocomposites. The results showed that as-prepared CdS-TiO2 nanocomposites has exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity in the process of photocatalytic degradation of AB-29 dye, and its degradation efficiency is 84%. After 1 h 30 min of visible light irradiation, while CdS and TiO2 showed only 68% and 09%, respectively. The observed decolorization rate of AB-29 is also higher in the case of CdS-TiO2 photocatalyst ~ 5.8 × 10-4mol L-1 min-1) as compared to the reported decolorization rate of CdS ~ 4.5 × 10-4mol L-1 min-1 and TiO2 ~ 0.67 × 10-4mol L-1 min-1. This increased photocatalytic effectiveness of CdS-TiO2 has been accomplished by reduced charge carrier recombination as a result of improved charge separation and extension of TiO2 in response to visible light.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The FTIR Spectra of the synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles (Tma, Tmb, Tmc, Tmd and Tme) and its nanocomposites with CdS (CdS-TiO2).
Figure 2
Figure 2
EDAX of the synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles (Tma, Tmb, Tmc, Tmd and Tme) and its nanocomposites with CdS (CdS-TiO2).
Figure 3
Figure 3
XRD patterns of synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles (Tma, Tmb, Tmc, Tmd and Tme).
Figure 4
Figure 4
XRD pattern of CdS-TiO2 nanocomposites in comparison to pure cubic CdS and Degussa P-25 TiO2.
Figure 5
Figure 5
SEM images (a) Tma, (b) Tmb, (c) Tmc, (d) Tmd, (e) Tme and (f) CdS-TiO2.
Figure 6
Figure 6
TEM images of (a) Tma, (b) Tmb, (c) Tmc, (d) magnified portion of Tmc, (e) Tmd, (f) Tme, and in the inset are the magnified portion of the corresponding images.
Figure 7
Figure 7
(a) The TEM image of the synthesized CdS-TiO2 nanocomposite (b) A representative diagram of the synthesized CdS-TiO2 nanocomposite.
Figure 8
Figure 8
TGA graphs of synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles (Tma, Tmb, Tmc, Tmd and Tme) and CdS-TiO2 nanocomposite.
Figure 9
Figure 9
(a) The UV–Visible absorption spectrum of synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles (Tma, Tmb, Tmc, Tmd and Tme) shows a slight blue shift in absorption edge. (b) The bandgap energy of the synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles (Tma, Tmb, Tmc, Tmd and Tme). (c) The absorption spectra of CdS-TiO2 with respect to pure CdS bulk and TiO2 bulk. (d) Band gap energy curve of CdS-TiO2 with respect to pure CdS and TiO2 bulk.
Figure 10
Figure 10
(a) Change in concentration of AB-29 with time in the presence and absence of synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles (Tma, Tmb, Tmc, Tmd and Tme). (b) Change in concentration of AB-29 with time in the presence and absence of synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles (Tma, Tmb, Tmc, Tmd and Tme). (c) The decolorization rate of AB-29 in the presence of different synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles (Tma, Tmb, Tmc, Tmd and Tme). (d) Stability and recycle of TiO2 nanocomposites (Tma, Tmb, Tmc, Tmd and Tme) for five consecutive cycles.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Schematic diagram of the photoexcitation of TiO2 under UV light irradiation.
Figure 12
Figure 12
(a) Change in concentration of AB-29 with time in the presence and absence of synthesized CdS-TiO2 nanoparticles in comparison to pure CdS and TiO2 (b) Change in concentration of AB-29 with time in the presence and absence of synthesized CdS-TiO2 nanoparticles in comparison to pure CdS and TiO2. (c) The decolorization rate of AB-29 in the presence of different photocatalysts (TiO2, CdS and CdS-TiO2). (d) Stability and recycle of CdS-TiO2 nanocomposite in comparison to pure CdS nanocomposite for five consecutive cycles.
Figure 13
Figure 13
Schematic representation of photocatalytic mechanism followed by CdS-TiO2.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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