Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Oct;35(7):867-872.
doi: 10.1002/ca.23881. Epub 2022 Apr 16.

Adductor longus: An anatomical study to better understand groin pain

Takuya Kato  1   2 , Keigo Taniguchi  3 , Taiki Kodesho  1 , Gakuto Nakao  1 , Yu Yokoyama  1 , Yuhei Saito  1 , Masaki Katayose  3
Affiliations

Adductor longus: An anatomical study to better understand groin pain

Takuya Kato et al. Clin Anat. 2022 Oct.

Abstract

We investigated the shear modulus-passive force relationship in the hip adductor longus (AL) muscles of human cadavers and explored the effect of muscle architecture on the elastic properties of the AL muscle using shear wave elastography (SWE). Nine AL muscles were harvested from a soft, embalmed cadaver. The AL muscles were affixed to a custom-built device comprising two clamps, a pulley, and a cable to provide passive loads, which were increased from 0 to 600 g in 60-g increments. The shear modulus of the AL muscle was measured in the proximal (Pro), middle (Mid), and distal (Dis) regions. The masses and anatomical cross-sectional areas (ACSAs) of the AL muscles were measured. The shear modulus-passive load relationship of each tested muscle region was analyzed by fitting a least-squares regression line. Moreover, the rate of increase in the shear modulus per unit load (s) was calculated. The shear modulus and passive force were linearly correlated for all AL muscles in each region (p < 0.01). The mean coefficients of determination (R2 ) for Pro, Mid, and Dis were 0.989, 0.986, and 0.982, respectively. The rate of increase in the shear modulus per unit load significantly correlated with the reciprocal of the muscle mass (r = 0.77, p = 0.02) and ACSA (r = 0.43, p = 0.03). Shear wave elastography can be used as an indirect measure of passive force in any region of the AL muscle. Additionally, the rate of increase in the shear modulus per unit load could be associated with muscle architectural parameters.

Keywords: cadaver; elastography; hip; muscles.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

REFERENCES

    1. Beger, O., Karagul, M. I., Koc, T., Kayan, G., Cengiz, A., Yilmaz, S. N., & Olgunus, Z. K. (2020). Effects of different cadaver preservation methods on muscles and tendons: A morphometric, biomechanical and histological study. Anatomical Science International, 95(2), 174-189.
    1. Ekstrand, J., Krutsch, W., Spreco, A., van Zoest, W., Roberts, C., Meyer, T., & Bengtsson, H. (2020). Time before return to play for the most common injuries in professional football: A 16-year follow-up of the UEFA elite Club injury study. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(7), 421-426.
    1. Hirata, K., Yamadera, R., & Akagi, R. (2020). Associations between range of motion and tissue stiffness in young and older people. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 52(10), 2179-2188.
    1. Hohmann, E., Keough, N., Glatt, V., Tetsworth, K., Putz, R., & Imhoff, A. (2019). The mechanical properties of fresh versus fresh/frozen and preserved (Thiel and formalin) long head of biceps tendons: A cadaveric investigation. Annals of Anatomy, 221, 186-191.
    1. Hug, F., Tucker, K., Gennisson, J. L., Tanter, M., & Nordez, A. (2015). Elastography for muscle biomechanics: Toward the estimation of individual muscle force. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 43(3), 125-133.

LinkOut - more resources