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. 2022 Mar 30:2022:1384471.
doi: 10.1155/2022/1384471. eCollection 2022.

Soluble Sema4D Level Is Positively Correlated with Sema4D Expression in PBMCs and Peripheral Blast Number in Acute Leukemia

Li Xue  1   2 , Shulan Shi  3 , Hongtao Lei  4 , Zhen Zhang  1   3 , Xin Tian  1 , Lijuan Qiu  3 , Jiaolian Tang  1 , Liyue Kui  1   3 , Weiwei Nan  1   2 , Xiaoyue Cao  5   6 , Qiangming Sun  5   6 , Ming Yu  4 , Hongchao Jiang  1   2
Affiliations

Soluble Sema4D Level Is Positively Correlated with Sema4D Expression in PBMCs and Peripheral Blast Number in Acute Leukemia

Li Xue et al. Dis Markers. .

Abstract

Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) is highly expressed in various cancers and leukemia. It is involved in the development of acute leukemia. A high level of soluble Sema4D is also present in the plasma of acute leukemia patients. However, it remains unknown whether Sema4D is associated with the clinical characteristics of acute leukemia. In this study, Sema4D expression was examined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) of patients with acute leukemia, and it was highly expressed in the PBMCs of B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), T-ALL, and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and in the BMMCs of B-ALL and AML patients but not in the BMMCs of T-ALL patients. Sema4D expression was higher in the PBMCs of T-ALL patients than in the PBMCs of B-ALL or AML patients. In addition, Sema4D expression in BMMCs was reduced in B-ALL patients during the chemotherapy process. It was lower in remission patients than in newly diagnosed and patients without remission. In acute leukemia, soluble Sema4D level in serum is positively correlated with Sema4D expression in PBMCs, leukocyte number, and peripheral blast number. Those results suggest that the levels of Sema4D and its soluble form are associated with acute leukemia development and may be regarded as a potential biomarker in pediatric acute leukemia.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Sema4D is highly expressed in the PBMCs of patients with acute leukemia. (a) Western blot analysis of Sema4D expression in the PBMCs of B-ALL, T-ALL, and AML patients and healthy children (control). The protein level of each blot was quantified relatively to the internal control β-actin. (b) Quantification of Western blot analysis of Sema4D. (c) Correlation of Sema4D expression in PBMCs with the soluble Sema4D level in serum. Magenta: B-ALL, blue: T-ALL, and green: AML; ∗p < 0.05 and ∗∗∗p < 0.001.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Sema4D is highly expressed in BMMCs of patients with B-ALL or AML. (a) Western blot analysis of Sema4D expression in the BMMCs of B-ALL, T-ALL, and AML patients and healthy children (control). The protein level of each blot was quantified relatively to the internal control β-actin. (b) Quantification of Western blot analysis. (c) Correlation of Sema4D expression in PBMCs with BMMCs. (d) Correlation of Sema4D expression in BMMCs with the soluble Sema4D level in serum. Magenta: B-ALL; blue: T-ALL; and green: AML. ∗p < 0.05 and ∗∗p < 0.01.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Sema4D levels in serum are correlated with leukocyte number and peripheral blast number in acute leukemia. (a) Correlation of soluble Sema4D level with leukocyte number. (b) Correlation of soluble Sema4D level with peripheral blast number. (c) Correlation of soluble Sema4D level with peripheral blast number percentage. Magenta: B-ALL; blue: T-ALL; and green: AML.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Sema4D expression is reduced in B-ALL patients during the chemotherapy process. (a) Comparison of Sema4D expression in the BMMCs of newly diagnosed patients (D0) and patients who received chemotherapy for 15 (D15), 33 (D33), and 88 days (D88); solid dots: no remission; empty dots: remission. (b) Comparison of Sema4D expression in BMMCs among newly diagnosed patients, patients without remission, and remission patients. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001, and ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001; ns: not significant.
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