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. 2022 Mar 25;11(7):1833.
doi: 10.3390/jcm11071833.

Early Motor Repertoire of Very Preterm Infants and Relationships with 2-Year Neurodevelopment

Amanda K-L Kwong  1   2   3 , Roslyn N Boyd  1   4 , Mark D Chatfield  1   4 , Robert S Ware  5 , Paul B Colditz  6   7 , Joanne M George  1   4   8
Affiliations

Early Motor Repertoire of Very Preterm Infants and Relationships with 2-Year Neurodevelopment

Amanda K-L Kwong et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

The Motor Optimality Score, revised (MOS-R) is an extension of the Prechtl General Movements Assessment. This study aims to determine the relationship between MOS-R and 2-year neurodevelopmental outcomes in a cohort of 169 infants born very preterm (<31 weeks’ gestational age), and to examine the predictive validity of the MOS-R at 3−4 months’ corrected age (CA) above perinatal variables associated with poor outcomes, including Prechtl fidgety movements. Development at 2 years’ CA was assessed using Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third edition (Bayley-III) (motor/cognitive impairment: Bayley-III ≤ 85) and Neurological, Sensory, Motor, Developmental Assessment (NSMDA) (neurosensory motor impairment: NSMDA ≥ 12). Cerebral palsy (CP) was classified at 2 years as definite or clinical. The MOS-R was related to 2-year outcomes: Bayley-III motor (BMOS-R = 1.24 95% confidence interval (0.78, 1.70)), cognitive (BMOS-R = 0.91 (0.48, 1.35)), NSMDA scores (BMOS-R = −0.34 (−0.42, −0.25)), definite CP (odds ratio [OR] 0.67 (0.53, 0.86)), clinical CP (OR 0.74 (0.66, 0.83)) for each 1-point increase in MOS-R. MOS-R ≤ 23 predicted motor (sensitivity 78% (60−91%); specificity 63% (54−72%)) and neurosensory motor impairment (sensitivity 86% (64−97%); specificity 59% (51−68%)). The MOS-R is strongly related to CP and motor and cognitive delay at 2 years and is a good predictor of motor and neurosensory motor impairment.

Keywords: cognitive impairment; general movements; motor impairment; motor optimality score; neurodevelopment; preterm infant.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of participants. Abbreviations: MOS-R: Motor Optimality Score, revised; Bayley-III: Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, 3rd edition; NSMDA: Neurological, Sensory, Motor Developmental Assessment; CP: cerebral palsy.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Proportion of infants represented within each subsection of MOS-R.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A–E): ROC curves for several outcomes with GMA and MOS-R, testing hypothesis that AUC is not the same. MOS-R cut-off ≤ 23 for Figure 3A–C, MOS-R cut-off ≤ 15 for Figure 3D,E; Abbreviations: ROC: receiver operating characteristic; MOS-R: motor optimality score, revised; AUC: area under curve.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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