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Review
. 2022 Apr 19;79(15):1506-1518.
doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.08.081.

Sex-Related Factors in Valvular Heart Disease: JACC Focus Seminar 5/7

Rebecca T Hahn  1 , Marie-Annick Clavel  2 , Julia Mascherbauer  3 , Stephanie L Mick  4 , Anita W Asgar  5 , Pamela S Douglas  6
Affiliations
Free article
Review

Sex-Related Factors in Valvular Heart Disease: JACC Focus Seminar 5/7

Rebecca T Hahn et al. J Am Coll Cardiol. .
Free article

Abstract

Numerous sex-based differences are observed across the spectrum of valvular heart disease, starting with pathophysiology and progression of disease, moving on to compensation and comorbidities (both cardiovascular such as coronary artery disease and noncardiovascular such as frailty), assessment of severity and hemodynamics including timing of intervention, and procedural risks/benefits and outcomes. The aortic valve is perhaps best understood with sex differences in both pathologic changes and response to volume and pressure overload, yet large gaps in our understanding still exist. Studies of other valve diseases have focused on differences in prevalence, presentation, and outcomes for surgical or transcatheter therapies. Defining sex-specific responses to valvular heart disease may improve disease recognition, define treatment strategies, and improve outcomes.

Keywords: aortic valve; mitral valve; sex-based differences; tricuspid valve.

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Conflict of interest statement

Funding Support and Author Disclosures Dr Hahn has received speaker fees from Abbott Structural, Edwards Lifesciences, and Philips Healthcare; has received consulting fees from Abbott Structural, Boston Scientific, Edwards Lifesciences, and Gore & Associates; has equity with Navigate; and is Chief Scientific Officer for the Echocardiography Core Laboratory at the Cardiovascular Research Foundation for multiple industry-sponsored trials, for which she receives no direct industry compensation. Dr Clavel has received core lab contracts with Edwards Lifesciences; and has received research grants from Medtronic. Dr Mascherbauer has received speaker fees from Abbott Vascular, Boston Scientific, and Edwards Lifesciences; has received proctoring fees from Abbott Vascular and Edwards Lifescience; and is on advisory boards for Boston Scientific and Shockwave. Dr Mick has received consulting fees from Medtronic, Johnson & Johnson, and Cryolife. Dr Asgar has received consulting fees from Medtronic, Edwards Lifesciences, and Abbott; and has received research funding from Abbott Vascular. Dr Douglas has reported that she has no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.

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