Gynecological management of the breast cancer survivor

Abstract

Survival from breast cancer has continued to increase since the 1990's, and quality of life and gynecologic issues have been an increasingly important part of overall care. Common women's health issues such as contraception, pregnancy, menopause, and sexual functioning are uniquely affected by breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. Two-thirds of breast cancers are hormone-sensitive and adjuvant hormonal therapies like tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors have substantially decreased the disease recurrence and contralateral breast cancer. These hormonal therapies can cause menopausal and sexual side effects, and women's healthcare providers need to understand safe and effective treatment options to manage them. Providing counseling and evidence-based education is important for primary care providers and gynecologists who care for those women who have or previously had breast cancer. This review will focus on specific women's health issues pertaining to breast cancer and treatment.

Keywords: Contraceptives; Fertility; Menopause; Oophorectomy; Sexuality.