Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Comment
. 2022 May:79:104005.
doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104005. Epub 2022 Apr 15.

Reply to the Letter to the Editor: "Importance of nasal secretions in the evaluation of mucosal immunity elicited by mRNA BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine" by Francavilla B et al.: Lack of a strong oral mucosal immune response: rethinking the route of COVID-19 vaccine boost administration?

Lorenzo Azzi  1 , Daniela Dalla Gasperina  2 , Roberto Sergio Accolla  3 , Greta Forlani  3
Affiliations
Comment

Reply to the Letter to the Editor: "Importance of nasal secretions in the evaluation of mucosal immunity elicited by mRNA BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine" by Francavilla B et al.: Lack of a strong oral mucosal immune response: rethinking the route of COVID-19 vaccine boost administration?

Lorenzo Azzi et al. EBioMedicine. 2022 May.
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of interests The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Comment on

References

    1. Francavilla B, Nuccetelli M, Guerrieri M, et al. Importance of nasal secretions in the evaluation of mucosal immunity elicited by mRNA BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine. eBioMedicine. 2022 - PMC - PubMed
    1. Azzi L, Dalla Gasperina D, Veronesi G, et al. Mucosal immune response in BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine recipients. eBioMedicine. 2022;75 doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103788. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ketas TJ, Chaturbhuj D, Cruz Portillo VM, et al. Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines are detectable in saliva. Pathog Immun. 2021;6:116–134. - PMC - PubMed
    1. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control . ECDC; Stockholm: 2021. Considerations for the use of saliva as sample material for COVID-19 testing. 3 May 2021.
    1. Alu A, Li Chen, Lei H, et al. Intranasal COVID-19 vaccines: from bench to bed. eBioMedicine. 2022;76 doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103841. - DOI - PMC - PubMed