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Case Reports
. 2021 Nov 11:10:1142.
doi: 10.12688/f1000research.74299.2. eCollection 2021.

Case Report: Isolated, unilateral oculomotor palsy with anti-GQ1b antibody following COVID-19 vaccination

Takafumi Kubota  1 , Takafumi Hasegawa  1 , Kensuke Ikeda  1 , Masashi Aoki  1
Affiliations
Case Reports

Case Report: Isolated, unilateral oculomotor palsy with anti-GQ1b antibody following COVID-19 vaccination

Takafumi Kubota et al. F1000Res. .

Abstract

Neurological complications following vaccinations are extremely rare, but cannot be eliminated. Here, we report the first case of unilateral oculomotor nerve palsy (ONP) with anti-GQ1b antibody after receiving the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 (BNT162b2) mRNA vaccine. A 65-year-old man developed diplopia and ptosis in the right eye 17 days after vaccination, without preceding infection. Neurological examination revealed mild blepharoptosis, limitation of adduction, and vertical gaze on the right side. Increased levels of anti-GQ1b ganglioside antibody in the serum and albuminocytologic dissociation in the cerebrospinal fluid were detected. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed swelling and enhancement of the right oculomotor nerve. The patient was diagnosed with right ONP accompanied with anti-GQ1b antibody, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy for 5 days was administered. The limitation of adduction and vertical gaze improved, and ptosis markedly resolved after IVIG treatment. Given the temporal sequence of disease progression, laboratory findings, and a favorable response to IVIG, a causal relationship cannot be ruled out between the occurrence of ONP and COVID-19 immunization. Since immunomodulatory treatments significantly hasten the recovery and minimize the residual symptoms in anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome, clinicians should be aware of this clinical condition following COVID-19 vaccination.

Keywords: COVID-19; IVIG; Miller Fisher syndrome; anit-GQ1b antibody; ganglioside; oculomotor nerve palsy; vaccination.

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Conflict of interest statement

No competing interests were disclosed.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Eye movement of the patient demonstrating right oculomotor nerve palsy.
( A) Mild blepharoptosis, limitation of adduction and vertical gaze on the right side on day 30. ( B) The limitation of adduction and vertical gaze improved and ptosis completely resolved after IVIG treatment (day 52). ( C) He completely recovered on day 71.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.. Contrast-enhanced CISS-MRI demonstrates the swelling and enhancement in the right oculomotor nerve (indicated by white dotted lines).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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