Ferroelectric crystals with giant electro-optic property enabling ultracompact Q-switches

Xin Liu^#¹, Peng Tan^#^{2

3}, Xue Ma⁴, Danyang Wang⁵, Xinyu Jin², Yao Liu¹, Bin Xu⁴, Liao Qiao¹, Chaorui Qiu¹, Bo Wang⁶, Weigang Zhao¹, Chaojie Wei⁷, Kexin Song¹, Haisheng Guo¹, Xudong Li⁷, Sean Li⁵, Xiaoyong Wei¹, Long-Qing Chen⁶, Zhuo Xu¹, Fei Li¹, Hao Tian², Shujun Zhang⁸

Affiliations

¹ Electronic Materials Research Lab, Key Lab of Education Ministry and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
² School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
³ Center of Ultra-Precision Optoelectronic Instrument Engineering, Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
⁴ School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China.
⁵ School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
⁶ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
⁷ National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Tunable Laser, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
⁸ Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 35446634
DOI: 10.1126/science.abn7711

Ferroelectric crystals with giant electro-optic property enabling ultracompact Q-switches

Xin Liu et al. Science. 2022.

. 2022 Apr 22;376(6591):371-377.

doi: 10.1126/science.abn7711. Epub 2022 Apr 21.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Electronic Materials Research Lab, Key Lab of Education Ministry and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
² School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
³ Center of Ultra-Precision Optoelectronic Instrument Engineering, Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
⁴ School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China.
⁵ School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
⁶ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
⁷ National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Tunable Laser, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
⁸ Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 35446634
DOI: 10.1126/science.abn7711

Abstract

Relaxor-lead titanate (PbTiO₃) crystals, which exhibit extremely high piezoelectricity, are believed to possess high electro-optic (EO) coefficients. However, the optical transparency of relaxor-PbTiO₃ crystals is severely reduced as a result of light scattering and reflection by domain walls, limiting electro-optic applications. Through synergistic design of a ferroelectric phase, crystal orientation, and poling technique, we successfully removed all light-scattering domain walls and achieved an extremely high transmittance of 99.6% in antireflection film-coated crystals, with an ultrahigh EO coefficient r₃₃ of 900 picometers per volt (pm V^-1), >30 times as high as that of conventionally used EO crystals. Using these crystals, we fabricated ultracompact EO Q-switches that require very low driving voltages, with superior performance to that of commercial Q-switches. Development of these materials is important for the portability and low driving voltage of EO devices.

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Ferroelectric crystals with giant electro-optic property enabling ultracompact Q-switches

Affiliations

Ferroelectric crystals with giant electro-optic property enabling ultracompact Q-switches

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

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