Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Apr 13;12(4):240.
doi: 10.3390/bios12040240.

Rapid Detection of Deoxynivalenol in Dry Pasta Using a Label-Free Immunosensor

Francesca Malvano  1 , Roberto Pilloton  2 , Alfredo Rubino  1 , Donatella Albanese  1
Affiliations

Rapid Detection of Deoxynivalenol in Dry Pasta Using a Label-Free Immunosensor

Francesca Malvano et al. Biosensors (Basel). .

Abstract

This work focused on the development and optimization of an impedimetric label-free immunosensor for detecting deoxynivalenol (DON). A monoclonal antibody for DON detection was immobilized on a modified gold electrode with a cysteamine layer and polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques were used to monitor the layer-by-layer development of the immunosensor design, while electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and differential pulse voltammetry were employed to investigate the antigen/antibody interaction. The PAMAM dendrimers, allowing to immobilize a large number of monoclonal antibodies, permitted reaching, through the DPV technique, a high sensitivity and a low limit of detection equal to 1 ppb. The evaluation of the possible reuse of the immunosensors highlighted a decrease in the analytical performances of the regenerated immunosensors. After evaluating the matrix effect, the developed immunosensor was used to quantify DON in pasta samples spiked with a known mycotoxin concentration. Taking into consideration the DON extraction procedure used for the pasta samples and the matrix effect related to the sample, the proposed immunosensor showed a limit of detection of 50 ppb, which is lower than the maximum residual limit imposed by European Regulation for DON in dry pasta (750 ppb).

Keywords: PAMAM; antibody; biosensors; differential pulse voltammetry; gold electrode; mycotoxin.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Immunosensor fabrication steps followed by the measurement step.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Cyclic voltammograms (a) and Nyquist plots (b) after each step of DON immunosensor construction. Inset: Nyquist plots of bare and cysteamine electrode.
Figure 3
Figure 3
EIS responses of immunosensor to different amounts of DON.
Figure 4
Figure 4
DPV responses of immunosensor to different amounts of DON.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Calibration curve of DON immunosensor investigated through EIS (•) and DPV( ▪) transduction techniques.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Storage stability of the immunosensor stored at 4 °C over 12 days. Error bars are standard deviations of three measurements.
Figure 7
Figure 7
DPV responses (peak heights) before and after treatment in the detachment solution (methanol, acetonitrile, and water 10:10:80). Number of electrodes tested = 5.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Ngundi M.M., Qadri S.A., Wallace E.V., Lassman M.E., Shriver-Lake L.C., Ligler F.S., Taitt C.R. Detection of Deoxynivalenol in Foods and Indoor Air Using an Array Biosensor. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2006;40:2352–2356. doi: 10.1021/es052396q. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Bucheli T.D., Wettstein F.E., Hartmann N., Erbs M., Vogelgsang S., Forrer H.R., Schwarzenbach R.P. Fusarium Mycotoxins: Overlooked Aquatic Micropollutants? J. Agric. Food Chem. 2008;56:3, 1029–1034. doi: 10.1021/jf073082k. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Mishra S., Srivastava S., Dewangan J., Divakar A., Rath S.K. Global occurrence of deoxynivalenol in food commodities and exposure risk assessment in humans in the last decade: A survey. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 2020;60:1346–1374. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1571479. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Bergsjo B., Langseth W., Nafstad I., Jansen J.H., Larsen H.J.S. The effect of naturally deoxynivalenol-contaminated oats on the clinical condition, blood parameters, performance and carcass composition of growing pigs. Vet. Res. Commun. 1993;17:283–294. doi: 10.1007/BF01839219. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Diamond M., Reape T.J., Rocha O., Doyle S.M., Kacprzyk J., Doohan F.M., McCabe P.F. The Fusarium Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol Can Inhibit Plant Apoptosis-Like Programmed Cell Death. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:e69542. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069542. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources