Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2022 Jun;129(5-6):611-615.
doi: 10.1007/s00702-022-02496-3. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Failed regeneration and inflammation in schizophrenia: two sides of the same coin?

Peter Falkai  1 , Andrea Schmitt  2   3
Affiliations
Review

Failed regeneration and inflammation in schizophrenia: two sides of the same coin?

Peter Falkai et al. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2022 Jun.

Abstract

More than 100 years after its conceptual definition as 'Dementia Praecox' by Emil Kraepelin, which was changed to schizophrenia by Eugen Bleuler, this is still a serious and debilitating psychiatric illness. The neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia, introduced more than 30 years ago, states that schizophrenia is a consequence of failed neurodevelopmental processes leading to a dysfunctional neuronal network forming the basis for a psychosis proneness. Subsequently, significant research efforts were made to prove the neurodevelopmental or the neurodegenerative perspective. This review summarizes key arguments speaking for or against the two hypotheses leading to a concept with both aspects position side by side.

Keywords: Interneuron; Neurodegeneration; Neurodevelopment; Neuroinflammation; Neuron; Oligodendrocyte; Schizophrenia.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Stratifying Schizophrenia based on its long-term course (Häfner 2003)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Alzheimer A. Neuere Arbeiten über die Dementia senilis [recent works on senile dementia] Monatsschr Psychiatr Neurol. 1893;3:101–115. doi: 10.1159/000228782. - DOI
    1. Berdenis van Berlekom A, Muflihah C, Snijders G, MacGillavry HD, Middeldorp J, Hol EM, Kahn RS, de Witte LD. Synapse pathology in schizophrenia a meta-analysis of postsynaptic elements in postmortem brain studies. Schizophr Bull. 2020;46(2):374–386. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Carpenter WT, Jr, Kirkpatrick B. The heterogeneity of the long-term course of schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 1988;14:645–652. doi: 10.1093/schbul/14.4.645. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Crow TJ. The two-syndrome concept: origins and current status. Schizophr Bull. 1985;11(3):471–486. doi: 10.1093/schbul/11.3.471. - DOI - PubMed
    1. DeLisi LE, Hoff AL. Failure to find progressive temporal lobe volume decreases 10 years subsequent to a first episode of schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res. 2005;138(3):265–268. doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2005.02.005. - DOI - PubMed