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. 2022 Jun;31(6):1438-1447.
doi: 10.1007/s00586-022-07214-x. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Does pelvic incidence tell us the risk of proximal junctional kyphosis in adult spinal deformity surgery?

Abdul Fettah Buyuk  1 , John M Dawson  2 , Stefan Yakel  1 , Eduardo C Beauchamp  1   3 , Amir A Mehbod  1 , Ensor E Transfeldt  1 , Pierre Roussouly  4
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Does pelvic incidence tell us the risk of proximal junctional kyphosis in adult spinal deformity surgery?

Abdul Fettah Buyuk et al. Eur Spine J. 2022 Jun.

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between pelvic incidence (PI) and proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) in patients treated surgically for adult spinal deformity (ASD) with fusion from thoracolumbar junction to sacrum.

Methods: A consecutive series of ASD patients who underwent fusion from the thoracolumbar junction to the sacrum with a minimum of 2-year follow-up was studied. Patients were divided into low PI (≤ 50°) and high PI (> 50°) groups. We compared radiographic parameters and the rates of PJK, between the two groups. A sub-analysis was performed on patients with a postoperative PI minus lumbar lordosis mismatch between - 10° and 10° (i.e., ideally corrected).

Results: Sixty-three patients were included: 19 low PI and 44 high PI. Median follow-up was 34 months (range 24-103). Overall PJK rate was 38%. PJK was observed in 16% of low PI and 48% of high PI patients (p = 0.02). The odds ratio for developing PJK with a high PI compared to a low PI was 4.9 (p = 0.03). There were 32 ideally corrected patients. Eleven of these were in the low PI group, and 21 patients were in the high PI group. The incidence of PJK was 25% for ideally corrected patients. PJK occurred in none of these patients in the low PI group and 38% of patients in the high PI group (p = 0.03).

Conclusion: When the upper-instrumented vertebra includes the thoracolumbar junction, patients with a PI > 50° are at a significantly higher risk of developing PJK compared to patients with a PI ≤ 50°.

Keywords: Patient-reported outcome; Pelvic incidence; Proximal functional failure; Proximal junctional kyphosis.

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