Genome-Wide Analysis of Invertase Gene Family, and Expression Profiling under Abiotic Stress Conditions in Potato

Asad Abbas¹, Adnan Noor Shah², Anis Ali Shah³, Muhammad Azhar Nadeem⁴, Ahmad Alsaleh⁵, Talha Javed^{6

7}, Saqer S Alotaibi⁸, Nader R Abdelsalam⁹

Affiliations

¹ School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
² Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan.
³ Department of Botany, University of Education Lahore, Lahore 54770, Pakistan.
⁴ Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas 58140, Turkey.
⁵ Molecular Genetic Laboratory, Science and Technology Application and Research Center, Institute for Hemp Research, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat 66200, Turkey.
⁶ Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
⁷ College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
⁸ Department of Biotechnology, College of Science Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
⁹ Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt.

PMID: 35453738
PMCID: PMC9032393
DOI: 10.3390/biology11040539

Genome-Wide Analysis of Invertase Gene Family, and Expression Profiling under Abiotic Stress Conditions in Potato

Asad Abbas et al. Biology (Basel). 2022.

. 2022 Mar 31;11(4):539.

doi: 10.3390/biology11040539.

Authors

Asad Abbas¹, Adnan Noor Shah², Anis Ali Shah³, Muhammad Azhar Nadeem⁴, Ahmad Alsaleh⁵, Talha Javed^{6

7}, Saqer S Alotaibi⁸, Nader R Abdelsalam⁹

Affiliations

¹ School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
² Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan.
³ Department of Botany, University of Education Lahore, Lahore 54770, Pakistan.
⁴ Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas 58140, Turkey.
⁵ Molecular Genetic Laboratory, Science and Technology Application and Research Center, Institute for Hemp Research, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat 66200, Turkey.
⁶ Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
⁷ College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
⁸ Department of Biotechnology, College of Science Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
⁹ Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt.

PMID: 35453738
PMCID: PMC9032393
DOI: 10.3390/biology11040539

Abstract

The potato is one of the most important and valuable crops in terms of consumption worldwide. However, abiotic stressors are the critical delimiters for the growth and productivity of potato. Invertase genes play key roles in carbon metabolism, plant development, and responses to stress stimuli. Therefore, a comprehensive genome-wide identification, characterization and expression analysis of invertase genes was performed in the potato. The current study identified 19 invertase genes, randomly distributed throughout the potato genome. To further elucidate their evolutionary, functional and structural relationship within family and with other plant species, we performed sequence and phylogenetic analysis, which segregated invertase genes into two main groups based on their sequence homology. A total of 11 genes are included in acidic invertases and 8 genes are in neutral or alkaline invertases, elucidating their functional divergence. Tissue specific expression analyses (RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR) of different plant tissues showed differential expression pattern. Invertase genes have higher expression in flower, leaf, root and shoot tissues, while under abiotic stress conditions, the expression of the invertase gene is significantly upregulated. Results of this study revealed that vacuolar and cell wall destined invertases are mainly the functional member genes of the invertase family. This study provides comprehensive data and knowledge about StINV genes in Solanum tuberosum for future genetic and epigenetic studies.

Keywords: Solanum tuberosum; abiotic stress; carbon metabolism; gene expression; invertase genes; qRT-PCR.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

**Figure 1**
Potato plant tissues used for gene expression analysis. (A) Shoots, (B) patiole, (C) flower, (D) tuber, (E) roots.

**Figure 2**
Locus map of invertase genes from *Solanum tuberosum*. Chromosomes are numbered and represented in different colors, whereas genes are represented at their positions.

**Figure 3**
Phylogenetic tree of the acid invertase proteins and neutral/alkaline invertase proteins in *Solanum tuberosum*. (A) The α clade comprises vacuolar invertases, while the β clade is comprised of the cell wall and other members of invertase family. (B) The α clade is comprised of neural invertases (PtNINV1-4). The β clade is comprised of neutral invertases (PtNINV5-8).

**Figure 4**
Symbolic structural representation of invertase gene family in *Solanum tuberosum*. Pink boxes represent exons and green dotted lines represent introns. (A) Acidic invertase sub-family. (B) Neutral/alkaline invertase sub-family.

**Figure 5**
Graphical representation of functional domain and motifs. (A) Represents function domain on genes. (B) Shows different motifs located on the genes. (C) Motifs found by meme analysis.

**Figure 6**
Predicted 3-dimensional structures of StVINV, StcwINV1, StNINV3. (A) AtCWINV1; (B) StVINV; (C) 6-fructosyltransferase; (D) StVINV; (E) AtCWINV1; (F) StcwINV1 (G) beta-fructofuranosidase; (H) StcwINV1; (I) AsInvB; (J) StNINV3 (K) AsInvA; (L) StNINV3. In the constructed 3D models bule color represents regions of high confidence and red color represents regions of low confidence.

**Figure 7**
Heat map shows expression profile of invertase gene family in different tissues and organs of *Solanum tuberosum*. M, IM, IS are the short forms used for mature fruit, immature fruit and inside of fruit (mesocarp and endocarp).

**Figure 8**
Heat map showing expression profile of invertase genes under different biotic and abiotic stresses in *Solanum tuberosum*. The short forms used are BAP: 6-benzylaminopurine6-benzylaminopurine, IAA: indole acetic acid, GA3: gibberellic acid, BABA: beta amino butyric acid, BTH: benzothiadiazole.

**Figure 9**
Expression pattern of invertase genes in different tissues. Fold change values are plotted, *StActin97* is used as internal control for three biological replicates of each sample in experiment. Bars are drawn for SD.

**Figure 10**
Expression pattern of invertase genes under salt and heat stress. Fold change values were plotted, *StActin97* was used as internal control for three biological replicates of each sample in the experiment. Bars are drawn for SD.

**Figure 11**
Expression pattern of invertase genes under drought stress. Fold change values are plotted, *StActin97* is used as an internal control for three biological replicates of each sample in the experiment. Bars are drawn for SD.

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References

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Genome-Wide Analysis of Invertase Gene Family, and Expression Profiling under Abiotic Stress Conditions in Potato

Affiliations

Genome-Wide Analysis of Invertase Gene Family, and Expression Profiling under Abiotic Stress Conditions in Potato

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

References

LinkOut - more resources

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