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Review
. 2022 Apr 1;12(4):880.
doi: 10.3390/diagnostics12040880.

Magnesium-A More Important Role in CKD-MBD than We Thought

Ileana Peride  1 , Mirela Tiglis  2 , Tiberiu Paul Neagu  3 , Andrei Niculae  1 , Ionel Alexandru Checherita  1
Affiliations
Review

Magnesium-A More Important Role in CKD-MBD than We Thought

Ileana Peride et al. Diagnostics (Basel). .

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with different complications, including chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD), which represents a systemic disorder that involves the presence of different mineral or bone structure abnormalities (i.e., modification of bone turnover, strength, volume, etc.), including even vascular calcification development. Even if, over the years, different pathophysiological theories have been developed to explain the onset and progression of CKD-MBD, the influence and importance of serum magnesium level on the evolution of CKD have only recently been highlighted. So far, data are inconclusive and conflicting; therefore, further studies are necessary to validate these findings, which could be useful in developing a better, more adequate, and personalized management of CKD patients.

Keywords: chronic kidney disease; outcome; progression; risk factors; serum magnesium level.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The classic and novel perspectives of CKD–MBD pathophysiology (modified after [8]). CKD: chronic kidney disease; FGF-23: fibroblast growth factor 23; calcifediol: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; calcitriol: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The pathophysiology of CKD-MBD (modified after [11]). P: phosphate; FGF-23: fibroblast growth factor 23; Ca: calcium; PTH: parathyroid hormone.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Magnesium homeostasis ([27]).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Magnesium regulatory system within the distal convoluted tubule (modified after: [33]). TRPM6: melastatin-related transient receptor potential cation channel 6.
Figure 5
Figure 5
PTH regulatory system within the parathyroid gland, in the case of decreased calcium and magnesium, and increased phosphate (modified after [36]). 1,25(OH)2D3: vitamin D3 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D; VDR: vitamin D receptor; PTH: parathyroid hormone; CaSR: calcium-sensing receptor; FGF23: fibroblast growth factor 23; FGFR1: fibroblast growth factor receptor 1.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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