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. 2022 Apr 2;12(4):565.
doi: 10.3390/jpm12040565.

Dopamine DRD2 and DRD3 Polymorphisms Involvement in Nicotine Dependence in Patients with Treatment-Resistant Mental Disorders

Antonio Del Casale  1   2 , Marco Paolini  2   3 , Giovanna Gentile  3   4 , Marina Borro  3   4 , Clarissa Zocchi  2   3 , Federica Fiaschè  2   3 , Alessio Padovano  2   3 , Teodolinda Zoppi  2   3 , Martina Nicole Modesti  2   3 , Ottavia De Luca  3   4 , Leda Marina Pomes  3   4 , Roberto Brugnoli  2   3 , Stefano Ferracuti  5   6 , Paolo Girardi  1   2 , Maurizio Pompili  2   3 , Maurizio Simmaco  3   4
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Dopamine DRD2 and DRD3 Polymorphisms Involvement in Nicotine Dependence in Patients with Treatment-Resistant Mental Disorders

Antonio Del Casale et al. J Pers Med. .

Abstract

Patients affected by mental disorders smoke more than the general population. The reasons behind this habit are genetic, environmental, etc. This study aims to investigate the correlations between some polymorphisms and the smoking habits and nicotine dependence in patients with psychiatric disorders. We recruited 88 patients with treatment-resistant mental disorders, including 35 with major depressive disorder, 43 with bipolar spectrum disorder, and 10 with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. We carried out a clinical and psychometric assessment on current smoking habits, years of smoking, number of daily cigarettes, and level of nicotine addiction. The patients performed a peripheral blood sample for DNA analyses of different polymorphisms. We searched for correlations between the measures of nicotine addiction and analysed genotypes. The expression of the T allele of the DRD2 rs1800497 and DRD3 rs6280 polymorphisms significantly correlated with a lower level of nicotine dependence and lower use of cigarettes. We did not find significant correlations between nicotine dependence and OPRM1 rs1799971, COMT rs4680 and rs4633 polymorphisms, CYP2A6 rs1801272 and rs28399433, or 5-HTTLPR genotype. Concluding, DRD2 rs1800497 and DRD3 rs6280 polymorphisms are involved in nicotine dependence and cigarette smoking habits in patients with treatment-resistant mental disorders.

Keywords: DRD2; DRD3; mood disorders; nicotine dependence; schizophrenia-spectrum disorders; treatment-resistant mental disorders.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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