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. 2022 Apr 12;11(8):1300.
doi: 10.3390/cells11081300.

The Chemopreventive Effects of Polyphenols and Coffee, Based upon a DMBA Mouse Model with microRNA and mTOR Gene Expression Biomarkers

Richard Molnar  1   2 , Laszlo Szabo  1   2 , Andras Tomesz  1   2 , Arpad Deutsch  1 , Richard Darago  1 , Bence L Raposa  1 , Nowrasteh Ghodratollah  2 , Timea Varjas  2 , Balazs Nemeth  2 , Zsuzsanna Orsos  2 , Eva Pozsgai  2 , Jozsef L Szentpeteri  3 , Ferenc Budan  3   4 , Istvan Kiss  2
Affiliations

The Chemopreventive Effects of Polyphenols and Coffee, Based upon a DMBA Mouse Model with microRNA and mTOR Gene Expression Biomarkers

Richard Molnar et al. Cells. .

Abstract

Polyphenols are capable of decreasing cancer risk. We examined the chemopreventive effects of a green tea (Camellia sinensis) extract, polyphenol extract (a mixture of blackberry (Rubus fruticosus), blackcurrants (Ribes nigrum), and added resveratrol phytoalexin), Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra) extract, and a coffee (Coffea arabica) extract on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) carcinogen-increased miR-134, miR-132, miR-124-1, miR-9-3, and mTOR gene expressions in the liver, spleen, and kidneys of CBA/Ca mice. The elevation was quenched significantly in the organs, except for miR-132 in the liver of the Chinese bayberry extract-consuming group, and miR-132 in the kidneys of the polyphenol-fed group. In the coffee extract-consuming group, only miR-9-3 and mTOR decreased significantly in the liver; also, miR-134 decreased significantly in the spleen, and, additionally, miR-124-1 decreased significantly in the kidney. Our results are supported by literature data, particularly the DMBA generated ROS-induced inflammatory and proliferative signal transducers, such as TNF, IL1, IL6, and NF-κB; as well as oncogenes, namely RAS and MYC. The examined chemopreventive agents, besides the obvious antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, mainly blocked the mentioned DMBA-activated factors and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) as well, and, at the same time, induced PTEN as well as SIRT tumor suppressor genes.

Keywords: 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene; carcinogen; coffee; mTOR; miR; miR-124-1; miR-132; miR-134; miR-9-3; polyphenol.

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Conflict of interest statement

The note that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Expression patterns of miR-9-3, miR-124-1, miR-132, miR-134, and mTORC1 in the liver (A), spleen (B), and kidneys (C) of mice treated with DMBA and polyphenol extract (n = 6), compared to the DMBA-induced (n = 6) expression (* p < 0.05; *** p < 0.001).
Figure 1
Figure 1
Expression patterns of miR-9-3, miR-124-1, miR-132, miR-134, and mTORC1 in the liver (A), spleen (B), and kidneys (C) of mice treated with DMBA and polyphenol extract (n = 6), compared to the DMBA-induced (n = 6) expression (* p < 0.05; *** p < 0.001).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Expression patterns of miR-9-3, miR-124-1, miR-132, miR-134, and mTORC1 in the liver (A), spleen (B), and kidneys (C) of mice treated with DMBA and green tea extract (n = 6), compared to the DMBA-induced (n = 6) expression (* p < 0.05; *** p < 0.001).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Expression patterns of miR-9-3, miR-124-1, miR-132, miR-134, and mTORC1 in the liver (A), spleen (B), and kidneys (C) of mice treated with DMBA and green tea extract (n = 6), compared to the DMBA-induced (n = 6) expression (* p < 0.05; *** p < 0.001).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Expression patterns of miR-9-3, miR-124-1, miR-132, miR-134, and mTORC1 in the liver (A), spleen (B), and kidneys (C) of mice treated with DMBA and Chinese bayberry extract (n = 6), compared to the DMBA-induced (n = 6) expression (* p < 0.05; *** p < 0.001).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Expression patterns of miR-9-3, miR-124-1, miR-132, miR-134, and mTORC1 in the liver (A), spleen (B), and kidneys (C) of mice treated with DMBA and Chinese bayberry extract (n = 6), compared to the DMBA-induced (n = 6) expression (* p < 0.05; *** p < 0.001).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Expression patterns of miR-9-3, miR-124-1, miR-132, miR-134, and mTORC1 in the liver (A), spleen (B), and kidneys (C) of mice treated with DMBA and coffee extract (n = 6), compared to the DMBA-induced (n = 6) expression (* p < 0.05).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Expression patterns of miR-9-3, miR-124-1, miR-132, miR-134, and mTORC1 in the liver (A), spleen (B), and kidneys (C) of mice treated with DMBA and coffee extract (n = 6), compared to the DMBA-induced (n = 6) expression (* p < 0.05).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Summary of the relevant factors influencing miRs and mTOR expression.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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