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Review
. 2022 Apr 13;11(8):2167.
doi: 10.3390/jcm11082167.

Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury

Alessandro Mandurino-Mirizzi  1 , Andrea Munafò  1 , Gabriele Crimi  2   3
Affiliations
Review

Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury

Alessandro Mandurino-Mirizzi et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) is an impairment of renal function, which occurs within days of intravascular administration of iodinated contrast media. Taking into account that minimally invasive cardiac interventions are becoming increasingly popular, compared to traditional surgery, given their impact on prognosis and costs, CA-AKI remains a subject of increasing interest for patients and physicians. This review summarizes the epidemiology and risk stratification, diagnostic criteria, pathophysiology and clinical implications of CA-AKI, providing evidence for the most studied preventive strategies.

Keywords: acute kidney injury; contrast media; nephropathy.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The multifactorial pathophysiology of contrast-associated acute kidney injury. NSAIDs: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; RAS: renin-angiotensin system; RIC: remote ischemic conditioning; CM: contrast media.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The different strategies proposed for the prevention and treatment of contrast-associated acute kidney injury. The green therapies have been shown to reduce contrast-associated acute kidney injury, the yellow therapies are controversial, while the red treatment is not effective. NSAIDs: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; RAS: renin–angiotensin system; RIC: remote ischemic conditioning; CM: contrast media.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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