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Review
. 2022 Mar 26;13(4):594.
doi: 10.3390/genes13040594.

The World of Oral Cancer and Its Risk Factors Viewed from the Aspect of MicroRNA Expression Patterns

Ovidiu Aghiorghiesei  1   2 , Oana Zanoaga  2 , Andreea Nutu  2 , Cornelia Braicu  2 , Radu Septimiu Campian  3 , Ondine Lucaciu  1 , Ioana Berindan Neagoe  2
Affiliations
Review

The World of Oral Cancer and Its Risk Factors Viewed from the Aspect of MicroRNA Expression Patterns

Ovidiu Aghiorghiesei et al. Genes (Basel). .

Abstract

Oral cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with a reported 5-year survival rate of around 50% after treatment. Epigenetic modifications are considered to have a key role in oral carcinogenesis due to histone modifications, aberrant DNA methylation, and altered expression of miRNAs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that have a key role in cancer development by regulating signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis. MiRNA deregulation identified in oral cancer has led to the idea of using them as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and the development of novel therapeutic strategies. In recent years, a key role has been observed for risk factors in preventing and treating this malignancy. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent knowledge about the altered mechanisms of oral cancer due to risk factors and the role of miRNAs in these mechanisms.

Keywords: epigenetics; miRNAs; oral cancer; risk factors.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The link between the main factors related to oral carcinogenesis, including environmental, risk/epigenetic factors, genetic background, and age.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The connection between miRNAs and the main risk factors in oral cancer.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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