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Review
. 2022 Apr 8;23(8):4135.
doi: 10.3390/ijms23084135.

A Narrative Review: Gingival Stem Cells as a Limitless Reservoir for Regenerative Medicine

Luigia Fonticoli  1 , Ylenia Della Rocca  1 , Thangavelu Soundara Rajan  2 , Giovanna Murmura  1 , Oriana Trubiani  1 , Stefano Oliva  1 , Jacopo Pizzicannella  3 , Guya Diletta Marconi  4 , Francesca Diomede  1
Affiliations
Review

A Narrative Review: Gingival Stem Cells as a Limitless Reservoir for Regenerative Medicine

Luigia Fonticoli et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

The gingival tissue can be collected in an easy way and represent an accessible source to isolate gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs). GMSCs are a subpopulation of dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells that show the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) features, such as differentiation abilities and immunomodulatory properties. Dental-derived stem cells are also expandable in vitro with genomic stability and the possibility to maintain the stemness properties over a prolonged period of passages. Moreover, several preclinical studies have documented that the extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from GMSCs possess similar biological functions and therapeutic effects. The EVs may represent a promising tool in the cell-free regenerative therapy approach. The present review paper summarized the GMSCs, their multi-lineage differentiation capacities, immunomodulatory features, and the potential use in the treatment of several diseases in order to stimulate tissue regeneration. GMSCs should be considered a good stem cell source for potential applications in tissue engineering and regenerative dentistry.

Keywords: biomaterials; human gingival mesenchymal stem cells; regenerative medicine; stem cells niche.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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