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Review
. 2022 Apr 18;23(8):4457.
doi: 10.3390/ijms23084457.

Psoriasis and Systemic Inflammatory Disorders

Tomoko Tashiro  1 , Yu Sawada  1
Affiliations
Review

Psoriasis and Systemic Inflammatory Disorders

Tomoko Tashiro et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Psoriasis is a representative inflammatory skin disease occupied by large surface involvement. As inflammatory cells and cytokines can systemically circulate in various organs, it has been speculated that psoriatic skin inflammation influences the systemic dysfunction of various organs. Recent updates of clinical studies and experimental studies showed the important interaction of psoriasis to systemic inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, the importance of systemic therapy in severe psoriasis is also highlighted to prevent the development of systemic inflammatory diseases. In this review, we introduced representative systemic inflammatory diseases associated with psoriasis and the detailed molecular mechanisms.

Keywords: IL-17; TNF-α; inflammation; organs; psoriasis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The pathogenesis of psoriasis. External triggers of trauma or infection induce host cell-derived nucleotides, which make a complex with keratinocytes-derived antimicrobial peptides. This complex is recognized by antigen-presenting cells, such as plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and activates antigen-specific T cell expansion in the skin and lymph nodes. Plasmacyte dendritic cell produces type I interferons, which activate the secretion of IL-23 and TNF by myeloid dendritic cells. These cytokines enhance the production of IL-17 and IL-22 by Th17 cells, which are activated by IL-1. IL-17 activates the production of TNF, CCL20, and antimicrobial peptides to enhance the inflammatory reaction in the skin and the proliferation of keratinocytes. The importance of these inflammatory cytokines has been proven by the specific cytokine inhibitors, which show strong anti-inflammatory action against psoriatic skin inflammation.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Interactions of psoriatic inflammation to systemic inflammatory disorders. Psoriatic inflammation is involved in the development of systemic organ dysfunctions. As skin occupies a large surface field in the human body, the characteristics of psoriasis as large surface involvement influences the extension of abundant inflammatory involvement in systemic inflammatory disorders.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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