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Review
. 2022 Mar 23;14(4):660.
doi: 10.3390/v14040660.

Staging Fibrosis in Chronic Viral Hepatitis

Ana Carolina Cardoso  1 , Claudio Figueiredo-Mendes  2 , Cristiane A Villela-Nogueira  3 , Patrick Marcellin  4
Affiliations
Review

Staging Fibrosis in Chronic Viral Hepatitis

Ana Carolina Cardoso et al. Viruses. .

Abstract

Staging fibrosis accurately has always been a challenge in viral hepatitis and other liver diseases. Liver biopsy is an imperfect gold standard due to its intra and interobserver agreement limitations and additional characteristics such as its safety and cost. Hence, non-invasive tests have been developed to stage liver fibrosis. In addition to serological biomarkers, physical tests with reasonable accuracy are available and adopted in the daily clinic regarding viral hepatitis fibrosis staging. In this review, we discuss the published data regarding the staging of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B and C, emphasizing non-invasive markers of fibrosis, both serological and physical. Moreover, we also discuss a persistent central gap, the evaluation of liver fibrosis after HCV cure.

Keywords: chronic hepatitis; fibrosis; hepatitis B; hepatitis C; non-invasive.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

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