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. 2022 Mar 29;14(4):710.
doi: 10.3390/v14040710.

Prognosis of Indolent Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma

Takuro Kameda  1 , Kotaro Shide  1 , Yuki Tahira  1 , Masaaki Sekine  2 , Seiichi Sato  3 , Junzo Ishizaki  4 , Masanori Takeuchi  4 , Keiichi Akizuki  1 , Ayako Kamiunten  1 , Haruko Shimoda  1 , Takanori Toyama  5 , Kouichi Maeda  3 , Kiyoshi Yamashita  6 , Noriaki Kawano  6 , Hiroshi Kawano  2 , Tomonori Hidaka  1 , Hideki Yamaguchi  1 , Yoko Kubuki  1 , Akira Kitanaka  7 , Hitoshi Matsuoka  2 , Kazuya Shimoda  1
Affiliations

Prognosis of Indolent Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma

Takuro Kameda et al. Viruses. .

Abstract

A retrospective chart survey of the clinical features of indolent adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) was conducted in the Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan. This study enrolled 24 smoldering-type ATLs, 10 favorable chronic-type ATLs, and 20 unfavorable chronic-type ATLs diagnosed between 2010 and 2018. Among them, 4, 3, and 10 progressed to acute-type ATLs during their clinical course. The median survival time (MST) in smoldering-type ATL and favorable chronic-type ATL was not reached, and their 4-year overall survival (OS) was 73% and 79%, respectively. Compared with this, the prognosis of unfavorable chronic-type ATL was poor. Its MST was 3.32 years, and the 4-year OS was 46% (p = 0.0095). In addition to the three features that determine the unfavorable characteristics of chronic-type ATL, namely, increased lactate dehydrogenase, increased blood urea nitrogen, and decreased albumin, the high-risk category by the indolent ATL-Prognostic Index, which was defined by an increment of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL2-R) of >6000 U/mL, could explain the poor prognosis in indolent ATL patients. The level of sIL-2R might be an indicator of the initiation of therapy for indolent ATL.

Keywords: adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma; chronic-type; iATL-PI; smoldering-type.

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Conflict of interest statement

K.S. (Kazuya Shimoda) received consulting fees from Novartis Pharma, Takeda Pharmaceutical, and Bristol-Myers, all outside the submitted work, and received research grants from Perseus Proteomics, Pharma Essentia Japan KK, AbbVie GK, Astellas Pharma, MSD, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Kyowa Kirin, Pfizer, Novartis Pharma, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, and Asahi Kasei Medical, all outside the submitted work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(A) Overall survival (OS) and median survival time (MST) by adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) subtype (smoldering, favorable chronic, and unfavorable chronic). (B) Progression-free survival (PFS) by ATL subtype.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) Overall survival (OS) by indolent ATL-Prognostic Index (iATL-PI). (B) Progression-free survival (PFS) by iATL-PI.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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