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Review
. 2022 Apr 1;14(4):748.
doi: 10.3390/v14040748.

mRNA- and Adenovirus-Based Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in HIV-Positive People

Anna Rosa Garbuglia  1 , Claudia Minosse  1 , Paola Del Porto  2
Affiliations
Review

mRNA- and Adenovirus-Based Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in HIV-Positive People

Anna Rosa Garbuglia et al. Viruses. .

Abstract

About two years have passed since the identification of SARS-CoV-2 in China. The rapid spread of this virus all over the world and its high transmissibility and pathogenicity in humans have resulted in a global pandemic. The negative impact of COVID-19 on health, society and the economy at the global level has pushed researchers and pharmaceutical companies to develop effective vaccines to fight SARS-CoV-2. Thanks to this collaborative effort, the first COVID-19 vaccine was developed in less than a year. Since then, several COVID-19 vaccines have been validated for use by the World Health Organization. Among these, mRNA- (BNT162b2 and mRNA1273) and adenovirus-based (ChAdOx1) vaccines were developed through the use of novel technologies. While all three of these vaccines have shown effectiveness against the COVID-19 disease and their immunogenicity was characterized in clinical trials in the general population, data on their efficacy and immunogenicity in people living with HIV (PLWH) are limited. In this review, we provide a description of the characteristics of mRNA- and adenovirus-based vaccines and of the immune response elicited in the general population by vaccination. Then we describe the use of these vaccines and their efficacy and immunogenicity in people living with HIV and we conclude with a discussion regarding some open questions concerning the use of mRNA- and adenovirus-based COVID-19 vaccines in PLWH.

Keywords: HIV infection; SARS-CoV-2; adenoviral vaccine; immune response; mRNA vaccine.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Process of reverse transcription of retroviral DNA: RNA = thin black line, hyphen-line = minus (−) strand DNA, bold, dark color = plus (+) strand DNA. PPT, polyuridine tract, which is resistant to RNase H degradation. PBS, primer binding site; RNase H, ribonuclease H, an enzyme specific for RNA strand: DNA duplexes. During the synthesis of minus (−) strand DNA (dashed-line) there is a possibility of nonhomologous recombination.
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