Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Apr 23;23(1):92.
doi: 10.1186/s12875-022-01699-7.

Use of telemedicine in the outpatient sector during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey of German physicians

Vera Knörr  1 , Lorena Dini  2 , Sophie Gunkel  1 , Jan Hoffmann  1 , Laura Mause  1 , Tim Ohnhäuser  1 , Arno Stöcker  1 , Nadine Scholten  3
Affiliations

Use of telemedicine in the outpatient sector during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey of German physicians

Vera Knörr et al. BMC Prim Care. .

Abstract

Background: In the wake of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, administrative barriers to the use of telemedicine have been reduced in Germany. The study focused on the analysis of use and assessment of telemedicine by physicians working in the outpatient sector, considering the perspective of different disciplines during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany.

Methods: The anonymous cross-sectional online survey within the study COVID-GAMS was conducted from 16 November 2020 to 1 January 2021. General practitioners; cardiologists; gastroenterologists; paediatricians; gynaecologists; ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialists were randomly selected and invited to participate in the survey. At the same time, open recruitment to the online survey was conducted via the professional societies. Descriptive and regression analyses were performed based on the data of 1521 outpatient responding physicians.

Results: The use of telephone and video consultation increased during the pandemic. Regarding the frequency of use, physicians already using telephone/video consultations in March/April 2020 report an increase in such services. General medicine was associated with an increased use of telephone and video consultations than cardiology, gynaecology or ENT, and in the case of telephone consultations also compared to paediatrics. General practitioners assessed the subjective usefulness higher than gynaecology and ENT. And the self-reported proportion of patients receiving telemedical care was higher correlated with general medicine than all other disciplines. The location of the practice (rural vs. urban), type of practice (individual vs. group) and gender (male vs. female) were also shown to be significant influencing factors on the variables mentioned above. Barriers reported by physicians not using telemedicine were the lack of equivalence to face-to-face contact and perceived low demand from patients.

Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant increase in the use of telemedicine, to varying degrees in the different specialities. Individual and structural factors lead to a reduced use of telemedicine and there are physician's and patient's barriers that have prevented telephone and video consultations from gaining acceptance by physicians. All these factors must be addressed if telemedicine procedures are to be implemented widely.

Keywords: COVID-19; General medicine; Pandemics; Telemedicine; Telephone consultation; Video consultation.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Use of telemedicine (telephone and video consultation) in general practice before the pandemic, in March/April 2020, in November/December 2020 and never
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Change in the frequency of use of telemedicine since March/April 2020
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Bundesärztekammer (AG-Telemedizin) Telemedizinische Methoden in der Patientenversorgung –Begriffliche Verortung. 2015.
    1. Wax RS, Christian MD. Practical recommendations for critical care and anesthesiology teams caring for novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) patients. Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth. 2020;67:568–576. doi: 10.1007/s12630-020-01591-x. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Lurie N, Carr BG. The Role of Telehealth in the Medical Response to Disasters. JAMA Intern Med. 2018;178:745–746. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.1314. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Doarn CR, Merrell RC. Telemedicine and e-health in disaster response. Telemed J E Health. 2014;20:605–606. doi: 10.1089/tmj.2014.9983. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Hollander JE, Carr BG. Virtually Perfect? Telemedicine for Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:1679–1681. doi: 10.1056/nejmp2003539. - DOI - PubMed

Publication types