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Multicenter Study
. 2022 Jul:158:110917.
doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.110917. Epub 2022 Apr 14.

Depression, anxiety and quality of life of hemodialysis patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Els Nadort  1 , Nadine Rijkers  2 , Robbert W Schouten  3 , Ellen K Hoogeveen  4 , Willem J W Bos  5 , Louis Jean Vleming  6 , Michiel Westerman  7 , Marcel Schouten  8 , Marijke J E Dekker  9 , Yves F C Smets  10 , Prataap Chandie Shaw  11 , Karima Farhat  12 , Friedo W Dekker  13 , Patricia van Oppen  14 , Carl E H Siegert  15 , Birit F P Broekman  16
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Depression, anxiety and quality of life of hemodialysis patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Els Nadort et al. J Psychosom Res. 2022 Jul.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on mental health in hemodialysis patients, we assessed depression, anxiety and quality of life with valid mental health measures before and after the start of the pandemic.

Methods: Data were used from 121 hemodialysis patients from the ongoing prospective multicenter DIVERS-II study. COVID-19 related stress was measured with the Perceived Stress Scale - 10, depression with the Beck Depression Inventory - second edition (BDI-II)), anxiety with the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and quality of life with the Short Form - 12 (SF-12). Scores during the first and second COVID-19 wave in the Netherlands were compared to data prior to the pandemic with linear mixed models.

Results: No significant differences were found in BDI-II, BAI and SF-12 scores between before and during the pandemic. During the first wave, 33% of participants reported COVID-19 related stress and in the second wave 37%. These patients had higher stress levels (mean difference (MD) 4.7 (95%CI 1.5; 8.0), p = 0.005) and BDI-II scores (MD 4.9 (95%CI 0.7; 9.0), p = 0.021) and lower SF-12 mental component summary scores (MD -5.3 (95%CI -9.0, -1.6), p = 0.006) than patients who did not experienced COVID-19 stress. These differences were already present before the pandemic.

Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic does not seem to influence mental health in hemodialysis patients. However, a substantial subgroup of patients with pre-existent mental health problems may be more susceptible to experience COVID-19 related stress.

Keywords: Anxiety; COVID-19; Depression; Hemodialysis; Perceived stress.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Timeline of data collection DIVERS-II study and present analysis.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Flow diagram. *Excluded because no questionnaire was filled out during the first wave. **Excluded because intervention was not completed before study period. ***Reasons for exclusion: Did not send questionnaire back in time (n = 18), completed follow-up in first wave (n = 15), questionnaire planned between waves (n = 12), lost to follow up (n = 11), questionnaire planned after study period (n = 8), died (n = 7). Abbreviations: RCT, randomized controlled trial.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Bar chart of difference in perceived stress scores of patients with COVID-19 related stress and COVID-19 unrelated stress during the first and second COVID-19 wave. Note: Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Abbreviations: PSS-10, Perceived Stress Scale – 10; COVID-19, Corona virus disease 2019.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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