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Review
. 2022 Apr 8:16:715807.
doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.715807. eCollection 2022.

Updated Review of the Evidence Supporting the Medical and Legal Use of NeuroQuant® and NeuroGage® in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury

David E Ross  1   2   3 , John Seabaugh  1   2   4 , Jan M Seabaugh  1   2 , Justis Barcelona  1   2 , Daniel Seabaugh  1   2 , Katherine Wright  1   2   3 , Lee Norwind  5 , Zachary King  5 , Travis J Graham  6 , Joseph Baker  1   2   7 , Tanner Lewis  1   2   8
Affiliations
Review

Updated Review of the Evidence Supporting the Medical and Legal Use of NeuroQuant® and NeuroGage® in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury

David E Ross et al. Front Hum Neurosci. .

Abstract

Over 40 years of research have shown that traumatic brain injury affects brain volume. However, technical and practical limitations made it difficult to detect brain volume abnormalities in patients suffering from chronic effects of mild or moderate traumatic brain injury. This situation improved in 2006 with the FDA clearance of NeuroQuant®, a commercially available, computer-automated software program for measuring MRI brain volume in human subjects. More recent strides were made with the introduction of NeuroGage®, commercially available software that is based on NeuroQuant® and extends its utility in several ways. Studies using these and similar methods have found that most patients with chronic mild or moderate traumatic brain injury have brain volume abnormalities, and several of these studies found-surprisingly-more abnormal enlargement than atrophy. More generally, 102 peer-reviewed studies have supported the reliability and validity of NeuroQuant® and NeuroGage®. Furthermore, this updated version of a previous review addresses whether NeuroQuant® and NeuroGage® meet the Daubert standard for admissibility in court. It concludes that NeuroQuant® and NeuroGage® meet the Daubert standard based on their reliability, validity, and objectivity. Due to the improvements in technology over the years, these brain volumetric techniques are practical and readily available for clinical or forensic use, and thus they are important tools for detecting signs of brain injury.

Keywords: MRI; NeuroGage®; NeuroQuant®; concussion; mild TBI; neuroimaging; postconcussive syndrome; volumetry.

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Conflict of interest statement

DR is the sole owner and CEO of NeuroGage LLC, which produces NeuroGage® software. In 2017, DR was a paid consultant for CorTechs Labs, Inc., which produces NeuroQuant® software. DR serves as a forensic consultant for plaintiff and defense cases. TG is employed by Gentry, Locke, Rakes and Moore, LLP. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Rate of publication of peer-reviewed articles based on NeuroQuant®. A total of 102 articles had been published by 02/19/2022.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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