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. 2022 Mar 30;7(2):35.
doi: 10.3390/biomimetics7020035.

The Molecular and Mechanical Characteristics of Biomimetic Composite Dental Materials Composed of Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite and Light-Cured Adhesive

Pavel Seredin  1   2 , Dmitry Goloshchapov  1 , Vladimir Kashkarov  1 , Yuri Ippolitov  3 , Jitraporn Vongsvivut  4
Affiliations

The Molecular and Mechanical Characteristics of Biomimetic Composite Dental Materials Composed of Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite and Light-Cured Adhesive

Pavel Seredin et al. Biomimetics (Basel). .

Abstract

The application of biomimetic strategies and nanotechnologies (nanodentology) has led to numerous innovations and provided a considerable impetus by creating a new class of modern adhesion restoration materials, including different nanofillers. An analysis of the molecular properties of biomimetic adhesives was performed in this work to find the optimal composition that provides high polymerisation and mechanical hardness. Nanocrystalline carbonate-substituted calcium hydroxyapatite (nano-cHAp) was used as the filler of the light-cured adhesive Bis-GMA (bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate). The characteristics of this substance correspond to the apatite of human enamel and dentin, as well as to the biogenic source of calcium: avian eggshells. The introduction and distribution of nano-cHAp fillers in the adhesive matrix resulted in changes in chemical bonding, which were observed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. As a result of the chemical bonding, the Vickers hardness (VH) and the degree of conversion under photopolymerisation of the nano-cHAp/Bis-GMA adhesive increased for the specified concentration of nanofiller. This result could contribute to the application of the developed biomimetic adhesives and the clinical success of restorations.

Keywords: Vickers hardness; biomimetics; bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate; degree of conversion; nanocrystalline carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite; nanodentology.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Determination of the microhardness of samples containing different proportions of nano-cHAp and adhesive from the indentation made by the diamond pyramid in the samples. Magnification ×130.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Comparison of FTIR spectra of dental biomimetic adhesives containing different amounts of nano-cHAp. (1) Sample #6 Bis-GMA/nano-cHAp (0.01 g); (2) sample #6 Bis-GMA/nano-cHAp (0.04 g); (3) sample #4 Bis-GMA/nano-cHAp (0.08 g); (4) sample #3 Bis-GMA/nano-cHAp (0.12 g); (5) sample #2 Bis-GMA/nano-cHAp (0.16 g); (6) sample #1 Bis-GMA/nano-cHAp (0.01 g).
Figure 3
Figure 3
FTIR spectra of the (1) original Bis-GMA adhesive, (2) nanocrystalline carbonate-substituted calcium hydroxyapatite (nano-cHAp) and (3) sample #1 Bis-GMA/nano-cHAp (0.2 g).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Spectral features of biomimetic adhesives. (1) Sample #6 Bis-GMA/nano-cHAp (0.01 g); (2) sample #6 Bis-GMA/nano-cHAp (0.04 g); (3) sample #4 Bis-GMA/nano-cHAp (0.08 g); (4) sample #3 Bis-GMA/nano-cHAp (0.12 g); (5) sample #2 Bis-GMA/nano-cHAp (0.16 g); (6) sample #1 Bis-GMA/nano-cHAp (0.01 g).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Comparison of the dependence of microhardness, Hμ (VH), and degree of conversion of biomimetic adhesives on nanofiller admixture.
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