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. 2022 Apr 11:13:843263.
doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.843263. eCollection 2022.

Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Massage for the Treatment of Restless Leg Syndrome in Hemodialysis Patients: A Meta-Analysis of 5 Randomized Controlled Trials

Min Xia  1 , Qien He  1 , Guanghui Ying  1 , Xiapei Fei  1 , Wenjing Zhou  1 , Xuelin He  1   2   3
Affiliations

Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Massage for the Treatment of Restless Leg Syndrome in Hemodialysis Patients: A Meta-Analysis of 5 Randomized Controlled Trials

Min Xia et al. Front Psychiatry. .

Abstract

Aim: We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of massage for the treatment of hemodialysis patients with restless leg syndrome (RLS).

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed using the PubMed database, EMBASE database (via OVID), and the Cochrane Library in order to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before August 31, 2021. After extracted essential data and assessed risk of bias of each eligible study, we calculated the pooled estimate of RLS score and safety after treatment. Statistical analysis was performed by using Review Manager 5.3.

Results: Five studies involving 369 hemodialysis patients with RLS were analyzed. The RLS score after treatment [mean difference (MD), -12.01; 95% confidence interval (CI), -14.91 to -9.11] and mean difference of RLS score at the beginning and end of treatment [mean difference (MD), -11.94; 95% confidence interval (CI), -15.45 to -8.43] in a massage group was significantly better than that in route care group. Subgroup analysis suggested that massage with lavender oil also significantly reduced the RLS score after treatment (MD, -14.22; 95% CI, -17.81 to -10.63) and mean difference of RLS score at the beginning and end of treatment (MD, -14.87; 95% CI, -18.29 to -11.45) compared with route care. Meanwhile, massage regime significantly relieved RLS severity compared with route care but did not increase adverse events.

Conclusion: Massage may be a preferred treatment modality for hemodialysis patients with RLS because it effectively reduces RLS symptoms, relieves RLS severity, and does not increase the risk of adverse events. However, future study with a larger sample size is warranted due to the fact that only limited number of eligible studies with small sample size are enrolled.

Keywords: hemodialysis; massage; meta-analysis; non-pharmacological interventions; restless legs syndrome.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) flow chart of capturing and selecting study.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Risk of bias summary of each eligible study.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Meta-analysis of International Restless Leg Syndrome Scores (RLSS) after treatment.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Meta-analysis of mean difference of RLSS at the beginning and end of treatment.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
The incidence of different levels of severity after treatment.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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