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Review
. 2022 Apr 12:5:698-709.
doi: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.04.001. eCollection 2022.

Industrial application of fish cartilaginous tissues

Wen Li  1 , Kazuhiro Ura  2 , Yasuaki Takagi  2
Affiliations
Review

Industrial application of fish cartilaginous tissues

Wen Li et al. Curr Res Food Sci. .

Abstract

Cartilage is primarily composed of proteoglycans and collagen. Bioactive compounds derived from animal cartilage, such as chondroitin sulfate and type II collagen, have multiple bioactivities and are incorporated in popular health products. The aging population and increases in degenerative and chronic diseases will stimulate the rapid growth of market demand for cartilage products. Commercial production of bioactive compounds primarily involves the cartilages of mammals and poultry. However, these traditional sources are associated zoonosis concerns; thus, cartilage products from the by-products of fish processing has gained increasing attention because of their high level of safety and other activities. In this review, we summarize the current state of research into fish-derived cartilage products and their application, and discuss future trends and tasks to encourage further expansion and exploitation. At present, shark cartilage is the primary source of marine cartilage. However, the number of shark catches is decreasing worldwide, owing to overfishing. This review considers the potential alternative fish cartilage sources for industrialization. Three keys, the sustainable production of fish, new fish-processing model, and market demand, have been discussed for the future realization of efficient fish cartilage use. The industrialization of fish-derived cartilage products is beneficial for achieving sustainable development of local economies and society.

Keywords: By-products; Chondroitin sulfate; Fish cartilage; Industrialization; Type II collagen; Zero-discard.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Image 1
Graphical abstract
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Publication output of the studies of bioactivity compounds from fish, mammals and poultry cartilage. Scopus search (https://www.scopus.com/) was used to collect data. The data of fish was from the key words (TITLE-ABS-KEY (cartilage OR cartilaginous) AND TITLE-ABS-KEY (bioactivity OR collagen OR chondroitin AND sulfate) AND TITLE-ABS-KEY (fish OR shark OR skate OR sturgeon OR salmon)). The data of mammals and poultry was from the key words (TITLE-ABS-KEY (cartilage OR cartilaginous) AND TITLE-ABS-KEY (bioactivity OR collagen OR chondroitin AND sulfate) AND TITLE-ABS-KEY (fish OR shark OR skate OR sturgeon OR salmon)).
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Images of fish and the representative cartilaginous products produced from them.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
A flow chart of an ideal zero-discard principle, sorting and grading of by-products, innovation in processing technology, and diversification of outputs of fish cartilage.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Proposed skate-cartilage processing flow chart. Dotted lines and the dotted arrow indicate future tasks.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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