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Review
. 2022 Jun;125(6):430-435.
doi: 10.1007/s00113-022-01182-z. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

[Cement augmentation and bone graft substitutes-Materials and biomechanics]

[Article in German]
Boyko Gueorguiev  1 , Mark Lenz  2   3
Affiliations
Review

[Cement augmentation and bone graft substitutes-Materials and biomechanics]

[Article in German]
Boyko Gueorguiev et al. Unfallchirurgie (Heidelb). 2022 Jun.

Abstract
in English, German

Background: Materials with different characteristics are used for cement augmentation and as bone graft substitutes.

Objective: Cement augmentation and bone graft substitutes are the subject of current research. The evaluation of new knowledge allows its specific application.

Material and methods: Selective literature search and outline of experimental research results on cement augmentation and bone graft substitutes.

Results: Augmentation and bone graft substitutes are essential components of current trauma surgical procedures. Despite intensive research all materials have specific disadvantages. Cement augmentation of implants enhances not only the anchorage but also influences the failure mode.

Conclusion: Cement augmentation has large potential especially in osteoporotic bone. In load-bearing regions acrylic-based cements remain the standard of choice. Ceramic cements are preferred in non-load-bearing areas. Their combination with resorbable metals offers still largely unexplored potential. Virtual biomechanics can help improve the targeted application of cement augmentation.

Zusammenfassung: HINTERGRUND: Bei Zementaugmentation und Knochenersatz finden Materialien mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften Anwendung.

Fragestellung: Zementaugmentation und Knochenersatzmaterialien sind Gegenstand aktueller Forschung. Die Bewertung neuer Erkenntnisse erlaubt ihren spezifischen Einsatz.

Material und methoden: Selektive Literaturrecherche und Zusammenstellung experimenteller Ergebnisse zu Zementaugmentation und Knochenersatz.

Ergebnisse: Augmentation und Knochenersatz sind feste Bestandteile der aktuellen Unfallchirurgie. Trotz intensiver Erforschung weisen alle Materialien spezifische Nachteile auf. Die Zementaugmentation von Implantaten verstärkt nicht nur deren Verankerung, sondern verändert auch den Versagensmodus.

Schlussfolgerung: Besonders im osteoporotischen Knochen hat die Zementaugmentation großes Potenzial. Im lasttragenden Bereich bleiben weiterhin Acrylzemente der Standard. Keramikzemente sind in nichtlasttragenden Bereichen zu bevorzugen. Ihre Kombination mit resorbierbaren Metallen bietet ein noch weitgehend unerforschtes Potenzial. Die virtuelle Biomechanik kann die zielgerichtete Anwendung von Zementaugmentationen verbessern.

Keywords: Calcium phosphate; Ceramics; Osteoporosis; Polymethyl methacrylate; Prostheses and implants.

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References

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