Cemento-osseous dysplasia: clinical presentation and symptoms

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate risk factors and symptoms in cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD) patients.

Materials and methods: In this study, 62 patients who were diagnosed histologically with COD were investigated from 2010 to 2020 at the author's institution. We compared clinical and radiological characteristics of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. The factors were sex, age, lesion size, site, radiologic stage of lesion, apical involvement, sign of infection, and history of tooth extraction. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test and the chi-square test.

Results: COD was more prevalent in female patients. With the exception of three cases, all were focal COD. The majority of patients presented with symptoms when the lesion was smaller than 1.5 cm in size. Symptoms were observed when the apex of the tooth was included in the lesion or there was a local infection around the lesion. The history of tooth extraction and previous endodontic treatment were evaluated, and history was not a significant predictor for the onset of symptoms.

Conclusion: In this study, risk factors associated with symptomatic patients were size of lesion, apical involvement, and local infection.

Keywords: Cemento-osseous dysplasia; Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia; Focal cemento-osseoous dysplasia; Periapical cemental dysplasia.

Fig. 1

Types of radiographic findings. A. Osteolytic stage (Stage I). The entire lesion is radiolucent. B. Cementoblastic stage (Stage II). The entire lesion is radiolucent, with nodular radiopaque deposits. C. Mature stage (Stage III). The entire lesion is radiopaque.

Fig. 2

Apical involvement. A. Apical involvement. B. No apical involvement.