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Observational Study
. 2022 Apr:58 Suppl 1:22-31.
doi: 10.1016/j.arbres.2022.03.010. Epub 2022 Apr 15.

Methodology of a Large Multicenter Observational Study of Patients with COVID-19 in Spanish Intensive Care Units

[Article in English, Spanish]
Antoni Torres  1 Anna Motos  2 Adrián Ceccato  2 Jesús Bermejo-Martin  3 David de Gonzalo-Calvo  4 Raquel Pérez  5 Marta Barroso  5 Ion Zubizarreta Pascual  6 Jessica Gonzalez  7 Laia Fernández-Barat  2 Ricard Ferrer  8 Jordi Riera  8 Dario García-Gasulla  5 Oscar Peñuelas  9 José Ángel Lorente  9 Raquel Almansa  10 Rosario Menéndez  11 Kasra Kiarostami  12 Joan Canseco  2 Rosario Amaya Villar  13 José M Añón  14 Ana Balan Mariño  15 Carme Barberà  16 José Barberán  17 Aaron Blandino Ortiz  18 Maria Victoria Boado  19 Elena Bustamante-Munguira  20 Jesús Caballero  21 María Luisa Cantón-Bulnes  22 Cristina Carbajales Pérez  23 Nieves Carbonell  24 Mercedes Catalán-González  25 Raúl de Frutos  26 Nieves Franco  27 Cristóbal Galbán  28 Víctor D Gumucio-Sanguino  29 María Del Carmen de la Torre  30 Emili Díaz  31 Ángel Estella  32 Elena Gallego  33 José Luis García Garmendia  34 José M Gómez  35 Arturo Huerta  36 Ruth Noemí Jorge García  37 Ana Loza-Vázquez  38 Judith Marin-Corral  39 María Cruz Martin Delgado  40 Amalia Martínez de la Gándara  41 Ignacio Martínez Varela  42 Juan López Messa  43 Guillermo M Albaiceta  44 Maite Nieto  45 Mariana Andrea Novo  46 Yhivian Peñasco  47 Felipe Pérez-García  48 Juan Carlos Pozo-Laderas  49 Pilar Ricart  50 Víctor Sagredo  51 Ángel Sánchez-Miralles  52 Susana Sancho Chinesta  53 Mireia Serra-Fortuny  54 Lorenzo Socias  55 Jordi Solé-Violan  56 Fernando Suárez-Sipmann  57 Luis Tamayo Lomas  58 José Trenado  59 Alejandro Úbeda  60 Luis Jorge Valdivia  61 Pablo Vidal  62 Ferran Barbé  4 CIBERESUCICOVID Project (COV20/00110, ISCIII)
Affiliations
Observational Study

Methodology of a Large Multicenter Observational Study of Patients with COVID-19 in Spanish Intensive Care Units

[Article in English, Spanish]
Antoni Torres et al. Arch Bronconeumol. 2022 Apr.

Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic created tremendous challenges for health-care systems. Intensive care units (ICU) were hit with a large volume of patients requiring ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, and other organ support with very high mortality. The Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), a network of Spanish researchers to investigate in respiratory disease, commissioned the current proposal in response to the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) call.

Methods: CIBERESUCICOVID is a multicenter, observational, prospective/retrospective cohort study of patients with COVID-19 admitted to Spanish ICUs. Several work packages were created, including study population and ICU data collection, follow-up, biomarkers and miRNAs, data management and quality.

Results: This study included 6102 consecutive patients admitted to 55 ICUs homogeneously distributed throughout Spain and the collection of blood samples from more than 1000 patients. We enrolled a large population of COVID-19 ICU-admitted patients including baseline characteristics, ICU and MV data, treatments complications, and outcomes. The in-hospital mortality was 31%, and 76% of patients required invasive mechanical ventilation. A 3-6 month and 1 year follow-up was performed. Few deaths after 1 year discharge were registered. Low anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibody levels predict mortality in critical COVID-19. These antibodies contribute to prevent systemic dissemination of SARS-CoV-2. The severity of COVID-19 impacts the circulating miRNA profile. Plasma miRNA profiling emerges as a useful tool for risk-based patient stratification in critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Conclusions: We present the methodology used in a large multicenter study sponsored by ISCIII to determine the short- and long-term outcomes in patients with COVID-19 admitted to more than 50 Spanish ICUs.

Introducción: La pandemia de COVID-19 ha supuesto un enorme reto para los sistemas sanitarios. Las unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI) se han visto afectadas por un gran volumen de pacientes que requerían ingreso en la UCI, ventilación mecánica y otras asistencias de órganos con gran mortalidad. El Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), una red de investigadores españoles para el estudio de enfermedades respiratorias, encargó la presente propuesta en respuesta a la convocatoria del Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII).

Métodos: CIBERESUCICOVID es un estudio de cohortes multicéntrico, observacional, prospectivo/retrospectivo de pacientes con COVID-19 ingresados en UCI españolas. Se crearon varios paquetes de trabajo: población de estudio y recogida de datos en la UCI, seguimiento, biomarcadores y miRNA, gestión de datos y calidad.

Resultados: Este estudio incluyó a 6.102 pacientes consecutivos ingresados en 55 UCI distribuidas homogéneamente por toda España, y se recogieron muestras de sangre de más de 1.000 pacientes. Se incluyó a una amplia población de pacientes ingresados en UCI de COVID-19, y se registraron las características basales, los datos de la UCI y la ventilación mecánica, las complicaciones de los tratamientos y los resultados. La mortalidad hospitalaria fue del 31%, y el 76% de los pacientes requirieron ventilación mecánica invasiva. Se realizó un seguimiento de 3-6 meses y de 1 año. Se registraron pocas muertes después del alta a 1 año. Las bajas cifras de anticuerpos anti-SARS-CoV-2 S predicen la mortalidad en la COVID-19 crítica. Estos anticuerpos contribuyen a prevenir la diseminación sistémica del SARS-CoV-2. La gravedad de la COVID-19 influye en el perfil de miRNA circulantes. El perfil de miRNA plasmático emerge como un dato útil para la estratificación basada en el riesgo de los pacientes con COVID-19 en estado crítico.

Conclusiones: Se presenta la metodología utilizada en un gran estudio multicéntrico patrocinado por el ISCIII para determinar los resultados a corto y largo plazo en pacientes con COVID-19 ingresados en más de 50 UCI españolas.

Keywords: Biomarcadores; Biomarkers; COVID-19; Data management; Estudios observacionales; Follow-up; Gestión de datos; ICU; Observational studies; Seguimiento; UCI.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The custom-built DQA tool (based on the NAIHA medical device) that facilitated real-time communication using an application programming interface (API) with the study's electronic case report form (REDCap).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Distribution of participating intensive care units over Spain's map.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Sankey plot depicting distribution and outcomes of patients treated in the intensive care units according to the requirement of mechanical ventilation.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Diagnostic tests distribution among 3-,6-, 12-months follow-up. Light colors display available patients with follow-up.

References

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