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Review
. 2022 Apr 21:2022:6751456.
doi: 10.1155/2022/6751456. eCollection 2022.

Placental Tissues as Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine

Annelise Roy  1 , Morgan Mantay  1 , Courtney Brannan  1 , Sarah Griffiths  1
Affiliations
Review

Placental Tissues as Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine

Annelise Roy et al. Biomed Res Int. .

Abstract

Placental tissues encompass all the tissues which support fetal development, including the placenta, placental membrane, umbilical cord, and amniotic fluid. Since the 1990s there has been renewed interest in the use of these tissues as a raw material for regenerative medicine applications. Placental tissues have been extensively studied for their potential contribution to tissue repair applications. Studies have attributed their efficacy in augmenting the healing process to the extracellular matrix scaffolds rich in collagens, glycosaminoglycans, and proteoglycans, as well as the presence of cytokines within the tissues that have been shown to stimulate re-epithelialization, promote angiogenesis, and aid in the reduction of inflammation and scarring. The compositions and properties of all birth tissues give them the potential to be valuable biomaterials for the development of new regenerative therapies. Herein, the development and compositions of each of these tissues are reviewed, with focus on the structural and signaling components that are relevant to medical applications. This review also explores current configurations and recent innovations in the use of placental tissues as biomaterials in regenerative medicine.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors declare that they are employees of StimLabs, LLC.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The anatomy of placental tissues. (a) The anatomy of the fetal compartment, (b) the anatomy of the placental membrane layers, (c) the anatomy and cross section of the umbilical cord, including the epithelial layer (EL), subamnion (SA), Wharton's Jelly (WJ), umbilical arteries (UA), and umbilical vein (UV), and (d) the anatomy of the placental disc.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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