Do nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs interfere with blood pressure control in hypertensive patients?

Abstract

Exacerbation of hypertension by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in hypertensive patients remains controversial among physicians and investigators. Because of the many differences among studies of oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and blood pressure control in patients with hypertension, the authors critically evaluated the published clinical evidence on this subject using standardized methodologic criteria. A search of the literature from 1965 to 1986 identified 31 relevant studies, of which only eight were double-blind randomized controlled trials that provided the most clinically useful information. Of these eight best-designed studies, five of the six that studied indomethacin concluded that it may interfere with antihypertensive effectiveness in selected patients with treated, stable hypertension. The remaining double-blind randomized studies included comparisons of other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Their limited results suggest that sulindac is less likely than piroxicam, naproxen or indomethacin to cause an attenuation of antihypertensive therapy. More research on this subject is needed, with greater attention to methodologic details and identification of predisposing risk factors for impairment of blood pressure control by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.