Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 May-Jun;140(3):390-397.
doi: 10.1590/1516-3180.2021.0209.R1.25082021.

Oxidative stress in maternal milk and cord blood in gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective study

Fırat Erdoğan  1 , Evrim Şenkal  2 , Ömer Faruk Özer  3 , İlke Özahi İpek  4 , Şükriye Leyla Altuntaş  5 , Şükriye Özde  6
Affiliations

Oxidative stress in maternal milk and cord blood in gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective study

Fırat Erdoğan et al. Sao Paulo Med J. 2022 May-Jun.

Abstract

Background: Reduced antioxidant defenses may reflect a poor protective response against oxidative stress and this may be implicated in progression of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Oxidative stress induced by hyperglycemia plays a major role in micro and macrovascular complications, which imply endothelial dysfunction.

Objective: Our aim in this study was to investigate the association between GDM and oxidative stress markers measured in plasma, with regard to revealing changes to total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS) among mothers showing impairments in oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs).

Design and setting: Prospective study at a university hospital in Turkey.

Methods: The study group consisted of 50 mothers with GDM, and 59 healthy mothers served as controls. Umbilical cord blood samples were taken from all mothers during delivery and breast milk samples on the fifth day after delivery. TAC, TOS, thiol and disulfide levels were measured.

Results: No statistically significant relationship between the blood and milk samples could be found. An analysis on correlations between TAC, TOS and certain parameters revealed that there were negative correlations between TOS and total thiol (r = -0.386; P < 0.001) and between TOS and disulfide (r = -0.388; P < 0.001) in milk in the control group. However, these findings were not observed in the study group.

Conclusion: Our findings suggested that a compensatory mechanism of oxidative stress was expected to be present in gestational diabetes mellitus and that this might be ameliorated through good glycemic regulation and antioxidant supplementation.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: None

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Comparison of blood total oxidant status (TOS) *(μmol H2O2 eq/l), total antioxidant capacity (TAS) †(mmol Trolox eq/l) and oxidative stress index (OSI) ‡(CarrU/(mmol HClO/ml) levels between women with gestational diabetes mellitus and healthy pregnant women.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.. Comparison of blood thiol total, thiol native and disulfide levels in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and healthy pregnant women.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.. Comparison of milk thiol total, thiol native and disulfide levels in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and healthy pregnant women.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.. Comparison of milk total oxidant status (TOS) *(μmol H2O2 eq/l), total antioxidant capacity (TAS) †(mmol Trolox eq/l) and oxidative stress index (OSI) ‡(CarrU/mmol HClO/ml) levels in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and healthy pregnant women.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

References

    1. Dundaroz R, Erenberk U, Turel O, et al. Oxidative and antioxidative status of children with acute bronchiolitis. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2013;89(4):407–11. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2012.12.001. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Sies H. Oxidative stress: oxidants and antioxidants. Exp Physiol. 1997;82(2):291–5. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.1997.sp004024. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Betteridge DJ. What is oxidative stress? Metabolism. 2000;49(2 Suppl 1):3–8. doi: 10.1016/s0026-0495(00)80077-3. - DOI - PubMed
    1. López-Tinoco C, Roca M, García-Valero A, et al. Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in patients with late-onset gestational diabetes mellitus. Acta Diabetol. 2013;50(2):201–8. doi: 10.1007/s00592-011-0264-2. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Lappas M, Hiden U, Desoye G, et al. The role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2011;15(12):3061–100. doi: 10.1089/ars.2010.3765. - DOI - PubMed