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Meta-Analysis
. 2022 Sep;136(9):788-798.
doi: 10.1017/S0022215122001074. Epub 2022 May 6.

Diabetes mellitus and other underlying conditions in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 associated rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

H Zobairy  1 , M M Salem  2 , M Ghajarzadeh  3 , O Mirmosayyeb  3 , M Mirsalehi  4
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Diabetes mellitus and other underlying conditions in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 associated rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

H Zobairy et al. J Laryngol Otol. 2022 Sep.

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to compute the pooled prevalence of diabetes mellitus and other underlying conditions in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 associated rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis.

Method: A systematic literature review was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase and Google Scholar. The cross-sectional studies that reported the frequency of diabetes mellitus in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 associated rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis were included.

Results: Eighteen eligible studies with a total number of 3718 patients were included in the current study. The pooled prevalence of diabetes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 associated rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis was 89 per cent and with new-onset diabetes was 32 per cent. The pooled prevalence of steroid use was high (79 per cent) too. The all-cause mortality rate was 24 per cent.

Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus was the most frequent underlying condition in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 associated rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis. The second most frequent underlying condition was steroid use during coronavirus disease 2019 infection. The appropriate control of hyperglycaemia and rational prescription of steroids during the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 associated rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis is recommended.

Keywords: COVID-19; Diabetes Mellitus; Mucormycosis; Prevalence.

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Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flow-chart of evaluated studies.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Forest plot of pooled prevalence of (a) orbital involvement and (b) cerebral involvement patients with Covid-19-associated rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis. ES = effect size; CI = confidence interval
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Forest plot of pooled prevalence of (a) diabetes mellitus and (b) new-onset diabetes mellitus in the patients with Covid-19-associated rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis. ES = effect size; CI = confidence interval
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4.
Forest plot of pooled prevalence of (a) hypertension, (b) cardiovascular disorders and (c) renal disease in patients with Covid-19-associated rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis. ES = effect size; CI = confidence interval
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5.
Forest plot of pooled prevalence of steroid use in the patients with Covid-19-associated rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis. ES = effect size; CI = confidence interval
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6.
Forest plot of pooled prevalence of all-cause mortality in the patients with Covid-19-associated rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis. ES = effect size; CI = confidence interval
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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