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. 2019 Jul 26;9(40):23086-23095.
doi: 10.1039/c9ra03142a. eCollection 2019 Jul 23.

Study on enhancing sludge methanogenesis by adding acetylene black and effect on the characteristics & microbial community of anaerobic granular sludge

Haitong Ma  1   2 , Ming Wu  1   2 , Hui Liu  1   2 , Zhiwei Wang  1   2   3 , Chenyan Guo  1   2 , Shuangfei Wang  1   2
Affiliations

Study on enhancing sludge methanogenesis by adding acetylene black and effect on the characteristics & microbial community of anaerobic granular sludge

Haitong Ma et al. RSC Adv. .

Abstract

The effect of acetylene black (ACET) as additives on methane production, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), microbial community structure and methanogenesis pathway during sludge anaerobic digestion (AD) was investigated in this study. The results indicated that the addition of 2 g L-1 ACET resulted in a 44.36% increase in methane accumulation. ACET, which resulted in the increase of EPS and VSS/TSS by 4.71-50.64%, effectively improved the physicochemical properties of anaerobic granular sludge (AnGS). During anaerobic digestion, the high throughput sequencing presented direct evidence that the ACET increased microbial diversity and enriched functional microorganisms such as norank_f__Synergistaceae, norank_f__Anaerolineaceae, and unclassified_f__Clostridiaceae_3, which can improve the hydrolysis acidification process and the acetotrophic pathway. These results were reaffirmed by applying metagenome inference and gene content inference (16S function prediction). Microscopically, significant enhancement in the AD efficiency can be due to the methanogenesis promoted by the ACET that can construct direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) between the unclassified_f__Clostridiaceae_3, norank_f__Anaerolineaceae, and Methanosaeta. These results were expected to provide primary research data for improving the performance of anaerobic reactors and the development of microbial fuel cells.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts to declare.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. The change of methane accumulation in the control reactor and the reactor with the ACET (A); the maximum methane production rate in the control reactor and the reactor with the ACET (B).
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. The effect of ACET on the VSS/TSS and diameter of anaerobic granular sludge.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. The effect of ACET on main composition and concentration of EPS.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4. UV/Vis spectra of EPS on days 1, 7, 21, and 28 in the control reactor and the ACET reactor with a dosage of 2 g L−1.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5. Analysis of alpha diversity indices of anaerobic granule sludge. (A) Shannon index. (B) Chao1. (C) Simpson index. (D) Observed species.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6. Changes in the predominant microbial community of bacteria. The distribution of dominant taxa at the phylum (A) and genus (B) level.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7. Changes in the predominant microbial community of archaea. The distribution of dominant taxa at the phylum (A) and genus (B) level. The distribution of methanogens at the genus (C) and species (D) level.
Fig. 8
Fig. 8. Gene abundance of methane-related enzymes in the three reactors (A). Gene abundance of KEGG pathway in the three reactors (B).
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