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. 2020 Jun 23;10(40):23936-23943.
doi: 10.1039/d0ra04509h. eCollection 2020 Jun 19.

Effective photocatalytic degradation and physical adsorption of methylene blue using cellulose/GO/TiO2 hydrogels

Yian Chen  1 , Zhouyang Xiang  1 , Desheng Wang  2 , Jian Kang  2 , Haisong Qi  1
Affiliations

Effective photocatalytic degradation and physical adsorption of methylene blue using cellulose/GO/TiO2 hydrogels

Yian Chen et al. RSC Adv. .

Abstract

Environmentally friendly cellulose/GO/TiO2 hydrogel photocatalyst has been successfully fabricated via a green, simple, and one-step method and evaluated as the photocatalyst and adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB). The XRD and FTIR analysis suggested the strong interaction among cellulose, GO and TiO2, resulting from the formation of hydrogen bonds. Due to the unique porous structure of cellulose hydrogel and introduction of GO, the cellulose/GO/TiO2 hydrogel showed superior (degradation ratio ∼ 93%) and reproducible (no significant change during the ten consecutive cycles) performance in the removal of MB under UV light. Consequently, the prepared cellulose/GO/TiO2 hydrogel can be applied as an eco-friendly, high-performance, reproducible, and stable photocatalyst and adsorbent for the removal of MB. This green hydrogel is a promising candidate for dye wastewater treatment. Moreover, this work is expected to extend the scope of bio-templated synthesis of other nanomaterials for various applications.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts to declare.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Fabrication of cellulose/GO/TiO2 composite hydrogel.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. (a) SEM images of cellulose/GO/TiO2 aerogel (cross-section) (b) SEM images of cellulose/GO/TiO2 aerogel (surface); (c) XRD spectrum of cellulose/GO/TiO2, cellulose/TiO2, and cellulose/GO; (d) FTIR spectrum of cellulose/GO/TiO2, cellulose/TiO2, and cellulose/GO.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. UV-Vis analysis of the photocatalytic degradation of MB by cellulose/GO/TiO2 hydrogel with the increasing reaction time.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4. (a) Photocatalytic degradation rate of MB over the different samples under UV light; (b) absorption rate of MB over the different samples under dark condition.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5. (a) The long-term stability of photocatalytic degradation of cellulose/GO/TiO2 hydrogel was tested by repeated use for MB under UV light; (b) the long-term stability of absorption performance of cellulose/GO/TiO2 hydrogel was tested by repeated use for MB under dark condition.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6. Diffuse reflectance absorption spectra of cellulose/TiO2 and cellulose/GO/TiO2 hydrogel.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) Nyquist plots of cellulose/TiO2 and cellulose/GO/TiO2 hydrogel.
Fig. 8
Fig. 8. The schematic representation of photocatalytic degradation and absorption mechanism of cellulose/GO/TiO2 hydrogel for MB under UV light.
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