Single-Step Affinity Purification (ssAP) and Mass Spectrometry of Macromolecular Complexes in the Yeast S. cerevisiae

Abstract

Cellular functions are mostly defined by the dynamic interactions of proteins within macromolecular networks. Deciphering the composition of macromolecular complexes and their dynamic rearrangements is the key to get a comprehensive picture of cellular behavior and to understand biological systems. In the past two decades, affinity purification coupled to mass spectrometry has become a powerful tool to comprehensively study interaction networks and their assemblies. To overcome initial limitations of the approach, in particular, the effect of protein and RNA degradation, loss of transient interactors, and poor overall yield of intact complexes from cell lysates, various modifications to affinity purification protocols have been devised over the years. In this chapter, we describe a rapid single-step affinity purification method for the efficient isolation of dynamic macromolecular complexes. The technique employs cell lysis by cryo-milling, which ensures nondegraded starting material in the submicron range, and magnetic beads, which allow for dense antibody-conjugation and thus rapid complex isolation, while avoiding loss of transient interactions. The method is epitope tag-independent, and overcomes many of the previous limitations to produce large interactomes with almost no contamination. The protocol as described here has been optimized for the yeast S. cerevisiae.

Keywords: Cell lysis; Cryo-milling; Mass spectrometry; Proteomics; Single-step affinity purification; Yeast.