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. 2022 May 6;21(1):25.
doi: 10.1186/s12937-022-00782-0.

Dietary fiber and prevalence of abdominal aortic calcification in the United States (from the national health and nutrition examination survey data [2013-2014])

YuJiao Sun  1 , HuanRui Zhang  1 , Wen Tian  2
Affiliations

Dietary fiber and prevalence of abdominal aortic calcification in the United States (from the national health and nutrition examination survey data [2013-2014])

YuJiao Sun et al. Nutr J. .

Abstract

Background: Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) is recognized as a valuable predictor of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Dietary fiber is strongly correlated with CVDs. However, the effect of dietary fiber on AAC in the population is not well understood.

Objective: To assess the relationship between dietary fiber intake and AAC in the US adult population.

Methods: A total of 2671 individuals with both dietary fiber intake and AAC score data were enrolled from the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a cross-sectional health examination in the US. Multinomial logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR), with 95% confidence interval (CI). To reveal the relationship between dietary fiber intake and AAC, restricted cubic spline was also applied.

Results: Out of the total participants, 241 (9%) had severe AAC and 550 (20%) had mild-moderate AAC. Multinomial logistic regression indicated that higher intake of dietary fiber was associated with lower risk of severe AAC, but not with lower risk of mild-moderate AAC. For every one standard deviation increase (9.4 g/day) in dietary fiber intake, the odds of severe AAC were reduced by 28% [OR 0.72 (95% CI, 0.57-0.90), p = 0.004], after adjusting for confounding factors. Dose-response relationship revealed that dietary fiber intake was negatively correlated with severe AAC (p for linear < 0.001, p for nonlinear = 0.695).

Conclusions: Dietary fiber intake was negatively associated with severe AAC, and showed a dose-response relationship in US adults.

Keywords: Abdominal aortic calcification; Dietary fiber; NHANES; Nutrition; Vascular calcification.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow chart of participant selection process
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Dose–response relationship between dietary fiber intake and severe AAC (p for linear < 0.001, p for nonlinear = 0.695), using the cutoff value of lowest quartile (Q1) of dietary fiber intake (10.95 g) as the reference. AAC24 score > 6 was defined as severe AAC. The restricted cubic spline model was adjusted by age, gender, ethnicity, BMI, education, DM, hypertension, smoking, TC/HDL-C, albumin, creatinine, total calcium, phosphorus, WBC, total 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and caloric intake
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